Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophysiology > Respiratory PT Screening > Flashcards

Respiratory PT Screening Flashcards

1
Q

General respiratory system involvement=

A

sneezing
coughing
sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is sneezing and coughing a sign of respiratory involvement?

A

sneezing: associated with inflammation or foreign material in the nasal passages
coughing: irritation from nasal discharge dripping into oropharynx or inflammation or foreign material in the lower respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Yellowish-green mucus can indicate:
Very large amounts of purulent, foul smelling sputum can indicate:
Thick, sticky mucus can indicate:
Hemoptysis can indicate:

A

bacterial infection
bronchiectasis
asthma, cystic fibrosis, TB
blood, pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

General breathing patterns of respiratory involvement:

A

kussmaul
labored
wheezing
stridor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Eupnea

A

normal breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tachypnea

A

rapid superficial breathing in an irregular rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bradypnea

A

slow respiratory rate, deeper than usual depth and regular rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Apnea

A

cessation of breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hyperpnea

A

increased depth of respiration with a normal to increased rate and rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

periodic breathing associated with periods of not. Usually at end of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ataxic

A

periods of apnea alternating irregularly with a series of shallow breaths of equal depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Kussmauls respiration

A

deep, regular sighing respiration with increase of rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Apneusis

A

long, gasping inspiratory phase followed by a short, inadequate expiratory phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Obstructed breathing

A

long, ineffective expiratory phase with shallow, increased respirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rales

A

light, bubbly or crackling sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rhonchi

A

deeper and harsher sounds (thicker mucus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Absence of sounds

A

nonaeration or collapse of lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dyspnea is accompanied by …. use of …. or …of muscles between or above ribs.

A

flaring of nostrils
use of accessory respirations
retraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Orthopnea is dyspnea that occurs when …

A

someone is lying down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

A

sudden acute dyspnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tidal volume

A

amount of air passing in and out of lungs during rest

22
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume

A

amount of air that can be inspired above tidal volume

23
Q

Expiratory reserve volume

A

amount of air that can be expired past normal breathing

24
Q

Residual volume

A

amount of air left in the lungs after forced expiratin

25
Q

Total lung capacity

A

comprised of all 4 values

26
Q

Vital capacity=

A

inspiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume

27
Q

FEV1

A

forced expiratory volume in the first second

28
Q

When FEV1/FVC% is lower than 70% what is this indicative of? What is normal?

A

obstructive ventilation disorder

over 80%

29
Q

In COPD, there is … ERV and … FEV. When there are chest wall restrictions, there is … IRV and this can be caused by …

A

decreased
decreased
decreased
obesity, spinal kyphosis, ankylosing spondylitis, neurological disorders

30
Q

Areas for breath sounds

A

tracheal
bronchial
vesicular
bronchovesicular

31
Q

How to listen to breath sounds:

A

have the person cough a few times
place stethoscope at the upper chest and move sideways down across chest
listen to a full inspiration/expiration prior to moving the stethoscope

32
Q

What do tracheal breath sounds sound like?

A

high-pitched, loud and hollow-sounding

expiration is louder

33
Q

Pathologies of trachea are …

A

unusual

34
Q

Bronchial breath sounds are heard over … of lung close to sternum. May also be heart along … region. They sound more … than tracheal because there is more soft tissue between lung and stethoscope. They sound … on expiration. If they are heard in other areas, these are …. and require…. it could be indicative of …

A 
upper lobes 
costosternal
muffled
louder 
abnormal
immediate referral 
fluid in lungs or compressed/consolidated lung
35
Q

Vesicular breath sounds are heard ….most of the chest. These are … almost .. sounds and have a lower sound. … is louder and may seem as though it …. than expiration. There is … between end of expiration and beginning of inspiration. The sound is …. and there is loss of …. which means a ….

A 
across
softer, muffled
inspiration
lasts longer
no pause 
abnormal 
strong vesicular sound 
lack of ventilation
36
Q

Bronchovesicular breath sounds are a combo of … and … sounds. They sound like vesicular on … and bronchial on … so pitch changes between the two. (….during expiration and … during inspiration)
There appears to be a …
Can hear it along ….
Sound covers more of the chest in children under the age of …

A 
vesicular 
bronchial 
inspiration
expiration
muffled
higher pitched 
pause 
anterior wall over the sternum and along costosternal borders
13
37
Q

Abnormal breath sounds include

A 
adventitious
rales or crackles
rhonchi
absence
stridor
pleural rub
38
Q

Adventitious sounds

A

any sound that occurs along with normal breath sounds and typically indicate turbulence of air flow

39
Q

Rales or crackles are a …. sound that occurs during inspiration. Sound could be the …. suddenly opening up or when the air passes through mucus plugs.

A

popping

alveoli

40
Q

Different types of rales

A 
wet
dry
fine
medium
coarse
41
Q

Wet rales

A

fluid in lungs and alveoli

42
Q

Dry rales

A

collapsed alveoli

43
Q

Fine rales
Heard when?
More common with?

A

fluid in terminal areas of the tracheobronchial tree. Heard at beginning of inspiration
Slurping sound
inflammation and congestion in the lungs

44
Q

Medium rales

A

louder than fine rales and can be heard at any stage of inspiration

45
Q

Coarse rales

A

sign of involvement of distal airway
almost always serious
almost always wet
occurs at any point

46
Q

Rhonchi sounds like
caused by
can be … (sibilant rhonchi) or … (sonorous rhonchi)

A

wheezing
deeper or harsher sounds from thicker mucus
narrowing of the pulmonary tree within the trachea, bronchi or bronchioles
high pitched
low pitched

47
Q 
Stridor
sometimes can hear ...
it is caused by ...
sound that children have with..
worsened condition leads to stridor during .. and ... caused by ...
A 
loud musical sound during inspiration
without stethoscope
obstruction in larynx or trachea
croup
inspiration and expiration 
tracheal stenosis
48
Q

Pleural rub
Caused by
Classic sign
Physiologically what is happening?

A

continuous sound heard from the middle of inspiration to the beginning of expiration
tissues surrounding lungs become inflamed which causes the lining to be rough and adherent resulting in pleural friction rub
person stops breathing at the point of pain
cells are sticking together and causing pain

49
Q 
Bronchitis:
Acute lasts
Chronic lasts
May have ... chest and show 
Diagnosis:
A 
2-3 weeks
over 3 months
barrel
cyanosis
Chest xray or CT
Culture sputum
50
Q

Signs of emphysema

Why are lung infections common here?

A

barrel chest
prolonged expiration
viral, bacterial, fungi particles can easily propagate in the enlarged acini

Pathophysiology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions