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Histology > Respiratory Handout Notes > Flashcards

Respiratory Handout Notes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of serous fluid in the pleural cavity?

A

Allows pleural (serous) membranes to move past each other with little friction and helps keep the lungs partially expanded.

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2
Q

Functions of respiratory type epithelium

A

Warm humidify inspired air
Provide an immunological defense and ciliary clearing action
Provide sense of smell

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3
Q

What physical structure helps nasal cavity to warm and humidify air?

A

Conchae

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4
Q

Delivers air to lungs

A

Conducting portion

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5
Q

Where O2 and CO2 are exchanged in blood

A

Respiratory portion

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6
Q

Name conducting portion structures

A

Nasal cavity
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi

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7
Q

Nasal cavity epithelium

A

Olfactory epithelium (PSCC w/o goblet)

Respiratory epithelium (PSCC w/goblet)

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8
Q

Olfactory epithelium of nasal cavity contents (4)

A 
PSCC
Supporting cells
Olfactory bipolar neurons
Basal cells
Bowman's glands present in lamina propria
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9
Q

Respiratory epithelium of nasal cavity contents(4)

A 
PSCC
Ciliated columnar cells
Basal cells
Goblet cells
Seromucus glands
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10
Q

Contents of trachea (4)

A 
PSCC w/goblet cells
C-shaped cartilage
Smooth muscle, trachealis muscle
Fibroelastic CT
Submucosal glands
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11
Q

What weird cells are scattered within respiratory tract

A

Amino precursor uptake decarboxylation cells (APUD)

Diffuse neuroendocrine cells (DNES)

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12
Q

What provides structural support to trachea and good ID

A

Incomplete cartilaginous rings

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13
Q

Important fxn of trachea

A

Coat surface with viscous film via goblet cells and submucosal glands

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14
Q

What is made of irregular cartilage plates, PSCC, spiraling smooth muscle and a part of the conducting airway

A

Bronchi

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15
Q

Contents of bronchi

A

PSCC w/goblet cells
Seromucus glands in lamina propria
Smooth muscle bands
Irregular hyaline cartilagenous plates

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16
Q

What marks the transition from conducting to respiratory portion?

A

Bronchioles

17
Q

Contents of bronchioles (3)

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium
Alveoli
Some goblet cells

18
Q

What cells make up alveolus

A

Type I cells
Type II cells
MQ

19
Q

Type I cells

A

Simple squamous
Thin cytoplasm
Help with air-blood barrier

20
Q

Type II cells

A

Simple cuboidal
Release surfactant
Stabilizes alveoli from collapsing
Can undergo mitosis to replenish Type I and II cells

21
Q

Give cells of PSCC (5)

A 
Ciliated columnar cell
Basal cell
Goblet cell
Brush cell
Granule
22
Q

What’s the most abundant type of cell of PSCC

A

Ciliated columnar

23
Q

What are the replacement cells of PSCC

A

Basal

24
Q

What are sensory receptor type cells of PSCC

A

Brush cells

25
Q

What are the small granule cells of PSCC a part of?

A

Diffuse neuorendocrine system (DNES)

26
Q

As you go down the nasal cavity, what are the trends?

A

More cells are present
Epithelium appears thicker
Goblet cells are absent
(you’re in olfactory epithelium)

27
Q

What type of glands are Bowman’s? Where are they found

A

Serous

Only found in olfactory region of terrestrial vertebrates

28
Q

What are collections of olfactory axons in lamina propria

A

Axon fasicle

29
Q

Thins squamous epithelium that covers 90% of SA and allows gas exchange with capillaries

A

Type I cells

30
Q

Simple cuboidal cells and make surfactant and can make Type I cells

A

Type II cells

31
Q

What are the source of MQ

A

Alveolar interstitium

32
Q

Where does gas exchange occur

A

Blood-air barrier

AKA capillary endothelium

33
Q

Purpose of surfctant and importance in fetal development

A

Reduces surface tension by limiting attractive forces of water molecule. Important to fetal lung prior to birth to prevent alveolar collapse.

Histology (14 decks)

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