Respiratory Failure Flashcards
What is respiratory failure
-it’s the failure of the gas exchage as
-O2 intake
-CO2 elimination
What is types respiratory failure
-type I (hypoxemic)
-type II (hypecapnic)
What is the criteria of type I respiratory failure
-hypoxic
-PaO2 < 60mmHg
What is the criteria of type II respiratory failure
-hypercapnic
-PCO2 > 50mmHg
What are types of respiratory failure based on pathological
-ventilatory
-gas exchanged
What are the example of ventilatory pathological respiratory failure
-obstructive
-restrictive
What are the example of gas exchange pathological respiratory failure
-diffuse disorder
-v/q mismatch
What are the types of shunting
-pulmonary
-intracardiac
What are the cause pulmonary shunting for type I
Pulmonary Filling
-pneumonia
-edema
-hemorrhage
Pulmonary Collapse
-etelectasis
What are the cause pulmonary shunting for type II
Pulmonary Obstruction
-COPD and asthma
What are the cause cardiac shunting
-blood from right to left
-congenital heart disease; Fallot’s, Eisenmenger
What are the types V/Q mismatched
-dead space ventilation
-anatomical dead space
What is dead space ventilation
-alveolar is ventilated but less perfused
What is the cause of dead space ventilation
-destroyed alveolar interphase (emphysema)
-reduce blood flow (pulmonary embolism, CHF)
-overdistention (positive pressure)
What is anatomical dead space
-failure of the gas from conducting zone to reach the capillary
