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Respiratory System > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The shape of the diaphragm

A

Inverted J shape

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2
Q

What is diaphragm nerve supply and its origin?

A

-phrenic nerve
-c3,c4,c5

(Notes: c3, 4 and 5 keeps the diaphram alive)

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3
Q

List down the openings on the diaphragm

A

-caval
-esophageal
-aortic

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4
Q

What makes the central portion of the diaphragm

A

Tendinous

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5
Q

What makes the outer portion of the diaphragm

A

Muscular

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6
Q

_____ is 1/2 space higher than the ____

A. right and left
B. left and right

A

right is 1/2 space higher than the left

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7
Q

What are the origins of the diaphram

A

-sternal head
-costal head
-veterbral (lumbar) head

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8
Q

Regarding the costal head, what number of ribs and costal cartilages do it takes the origin from?

A

The lower 6 ribs and costal cartilages

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9
Q

Regarding the lumbar head, what structures arise from it?

A

-left and right crura
-arcuate ligament

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10
Q

What is the insertion of diaphragm

A

Central tendon

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11
Q

The origin of the right crura

A

L1-3

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12
Q

The origin of left crura and what is its character

A

-L1-2
-shorter

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13
Q

How many arcuate ligaments do the diaphragm has?

A

-4 arcuate ligaments;
2 median arcuate ligaments
2 lateral arcuate ligaments

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14
Q

What is the function of the 1st median arcuate ligament and its location

A

-it connects the two cruras
-T12

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15
Q

What is the attachment of the 2nd median arcuate ligament

A

from the the 2nd lumbar veterbra to the tranverse process of the 1st lumbar veterbra

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16
Q

What is the attachment of the lateral arcuate ligament

A

From the tranverse process of the 1st lumbar veterbra to the last ribs

17
Q

What is the location of the caval opening?
- level of vetebra
- location from midline
- course

A

-T8
-right to the midline
-within the central tendon

18
Q

What is the location of the esophageal opening?
- level of vetebra
- location from midline
- course

A

-T10
-left to the midline
-within the muscle of the right crura

19
Q

What is the location of the aortic opening?
- level of vetebra
- location from midline
- course

A

-T12
-in the midline
-behind the cruras

20
Q

What are the contents of the caval opening?

A

-inferior vena cava
-right phrenic nerve

21
Q

What are the contents of the esophageal opening?

A

-esophagus
-esophageal branches of the left gastric vessel and lymph
-vagus nerve

22
Q

What are the contents of the aortic opening?

A

-aorta
-azygos vein
-hemiazygos vein
-thoracic duct

23
Q

What is the extend of the trachea

A

It extends from the larynx to its bifurcation at the carina

24
Q

What forms the trachea

A

-c-shaped hyaline cartilage
-about 16-20 in numbers

25
Q

What is the structure of the anterior part of the trachea

A

-tracheal rings
-which is formed by hyaline cartilage

26
Q

What is the structure of the posterior part of the trachea

A

-smooth muscle which is trachealis muscle

27
Q

Where does the trachea starts and ends (bifurcation)

A

-it starts at the C6
-it ends at the lower border of the T6

28
Q

What are the anterior relations of the trachea in the neck

A

-isthmus of the thyroid gland
-inferior thyroid vein
-jugular arch

29
Q

The isthmus of the thyroid gland is located at what rings of the trachea

A

from second to fourth

30
Q

What are the lateral relations of the trachea in the neck

A

-lobes of the thyroid glands
-carotid sheath (common carotid artery)

extra information:
carotid sheath contents (I See 10cc IV)

31
Q

What are the posterior relations of the trachea in the neck

A

-esophagus
-right and left laryngeal nerves

32
Q

What are the anterior relations of the trachea in the mediastinum

A

-manubrium steni
-thymus gland
-arch of aorta
-left brachiocephalic vein

33
Q

What are the right relations of the trachea in the mediastinum

A

-right vagus
-right lung and pleura
-azygos arch

34
Q

What are the left relations of the trachea in the mediastinum

A

-left vagus
-left lung and pleura
-aortic arch

35
Q

What are the posterior relations of the trachea in the mediastinum

A

-esophagus
-left laryngeal nerve

36
Q

What is the blood supply of upper 2/3 of trachea

A

Inferior thyroid artery

37
Q

What is the blood supply of lower 1/3 of trachea

A

Bronchial artery

38
Q

What is the venous drainage of the trachea

A

Inferior thyroid plexus

39
Q

What is the the innervations of the trachea

A

-vagus nerve
-recurrent laryngeal nerve

Respiratory System (15 decks)

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