Respiratory Failure

Question 1

What is Type I Respiratory Failure? (2)

Answer 1

1. PaO2 < 8kPa.
2. PaCO2 is Normal.
   * Only 1 is bad in Type I Respiratory Failure.

Question 2

What is Type II Respiratory Failure? (2)

Answer 2

1. PaO2 < 8kPa.
2. PaCO2 > 6kPa.
   * 2 are bad in Type II Respiratory Failure.

Question 3

What is Type I Respiratory Failure due to?

Answer 3

A V/Q (Ventilation-Perfusion) Mismatch.

Question 4

Give 5 causes of Type I Respiratory Failure.

Answer 4

ACPPP :

1. Asthma (Low V/Q).
2. Congestive Cardiac Failure (Low V/Q).
3. Pulmonary Embolism (High V/Q).
4. Pneumonia.
5. Pneumothorax.

Question 5

What is Type II Respiratory Failure due to?

Answer 5

Alveolar Hypoventilation.

Question 6

Give 5 causes of Type II Respiratory Failure.

Answer 6

1. Obstructive Lung Disease e.g. COPD.
2. Restrictive Lung Disease e.g. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.
3. Respiratory Centre Depression e.g. Opiates.
4. Neuromuscular Disease e.g. Guillain-Barré syndrome, Motor Neurone Disease.
5. Thoracic Wall Disease e.g. Rib Fracture.