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Pathology II Master > Respiratory (EB) > Flashcards

Respiratory (EB) Flashcards

1
Q

3 routes of entry of respiratory dz etiological agents?

A

Aerogenous Hematogenous Direct extension

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2
Q

How does the body defend against airborne agent (aerogenous) (4)

A

Sneeze/cough/reflex bronchoconstriction
Mucocillirary effect
Bronchial associated lymphoid tissue
Alveolar defense (pulmonary alveolar macrophages)

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3
Q

What parts of the respiratory system are considered to be sterile

A

trachea, bronchi, lungs

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4
Q

Why size particles are effectively trapped by the mucociliary clearance? What size particles are only about 5% trapped?

A

> 10 um trapped

1-2 um rarely trapped&raquo_space; INFECTIOUS AGENTS

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5
Q

Which bacteria are resistant to killing by macrophages? (3)

A

Mycobacterium, Rhodococcus, Lysteria sp.

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6
Q

With what test can mycobacterium bovis in a cow lung be identified?

A

acid fast stain

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7
Q

In what spp are pulmonary INTRAVASCULAR macrophages the defense against blood borne agents in the lungs?

A

Ruminants
Pig
Cat
Horse

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8
Q

In what spp are hepatic macrophages and splenic macrophages the defense against blood borne agents in the lungs?

A

Dog
Rodent
(Human)

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9
Q

How do viruses impair lung defense mechanisms? (2)

A
  1. Destruction of mucocilliary blanket

2. Impaired alveolar macrophage function

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10
Q

How do bacteria impair lung defense mechanisms

A

some live and replicate within macrophages

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11
Q

What toxins cause direct injury to the lung defense mechanisms (6)

A 
Uremia 
Dehydration 
Endotoxemia  
Hypoxia 
Edema  
Anesthesia
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12
Q

Pneumocystis carinii infection causes impairment of lung defense mechanisms in which spp? (4)

A

Rodents
Pigs
Arabian foals
Dogs

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13
Q

What is inflammation of the nasal cavity?

A

rhinitis

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14
Q

What characterizes rhinitis? What does this vary with?

A

characterized on the nature of exudate

Varies with causative agent

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15
Q

Causes of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis? Other name?

A

bovine herpes virus

Also called red nose

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16
Q

What type of cattle more commonly get infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in the USA? What predisposes them for them to be fatal?

A

feedlot cattle

Secondary bacterial pneumonia caused by M. hemolytica is fatal

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17
Q

Young calves with bovine herpes virus show what CS?

A 
Generalized dz with:
Resp distress 
Diarrhea
In-coordination 
Death
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18
Q

What respiratory clinical signs to feedlot cattle have of infectious bovine rhinotrachetitis?

A

coughing, nasal discharhe (serous to mucopurulent), inflamed/red nares, dyspnea

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19
Q

What lesions are seen in the larynx, pharynx, and trachea with IBR?

A

ulcers and fibronecrotic membranes

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20
Q

Type of exudate in the pharynx and trachea of cows with IBR?

A

Serous to serofibrinous. May be blood tinged

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21
Q

What spp get nasal granuloma aka granulomatous rhinitis? (4)

A

Cattle
Horses
Dogs
Cats

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22
Q

What are the possible etiological agents of nasal granuloma (broad) (3)

A

Mycotic
Blood fluke
Allergic

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23
Q

Mycotic organisms that cause nasal granulomas and in which spp does each cause it?

A

Rhinosporidium seeberi - cattle, dog, horse, cat
Cryptococcus neoformans – cats
Aspergillus – dogs
Penicillium - dogs

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24
Q

What happens if there is a large overgrowth of a nasal granuloma?

A

severe resp distress

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25
Q

Specific disease of the nasal cavity in sheep/goats (3)

A

Nasal Granuloma
Myasis
Endemic ethmoidal carcinoma

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26
Q

How does myasis cause nasal cavity sz in sheep/goats?

A

Larvae of estrus ovis (nasal bot) produce catarrhal to suppurative rhinitis

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27
Q

Etiology of equine viral rhinopneumonitis

A

Eequine herpes virus 4 and occasionally 1

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28
Q

Lesions of equine viral rhinopneumonitis?

A

Ulceration and necrosis of respiratory epithelium

Intranuclear includsions in epithelial cells

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29
Q

Ddx of equine viral rhinopneumonitis?

A

equine influenza Equine viral arteritis

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30
Q

Big CS of equine viral rhinopneumonitis?

A

sometimes edematous swelling of pharyngeal lnn

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31
Q

Etiology of equine influenza

A

type A othromyxovirus

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32
Q

Lesions of equine influenza

A

not usually seen in nasal passages.

Maybe interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary edema

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33
Q

Etiology of equine viral arteritis

A

arterivirus

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34
Q

Type of rhinitis caused by equine viral arteritis

A

serous and muco purulent rhinitis

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35
Q

Etiology of strangles

A

streptococcus equi equi

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36
Q

Lesions of strangles

A

suppurative rhinitis and lymphadenitis (mandibular and parapharyngeal)

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37
Q

Type of nasal discharge seen in horses with strangles

A

bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge

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38
Q

Sequela can result from strangles? (4) for some reason he cares about strangles

A
  1. Extension of infection to paranasal sinuses and guttural pouch and internal organs
  2. Laryngeal hemiplegia
  3. Facial paralysis and horners
  4. Purpura hemorrhagica
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39
Q

Dz’s of the nasal cavity in dogs?

A

Transitory rhinitis
Nasal granuloma
Linguatula serrata
Allergic rhinitis

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40
Q

Etiology of feline virus rhinotracheitis CARES ABOUT THIS DZ A LOT DURING REVIEW

A

feline herpesvirus-1

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41
Q

Feline viral rhinotracheitis also causes what conditions?

A

Ulcerative keratitis
Hepatic necrosis
Abortion Still birth

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42
Q

Bacterial contamination in feline viral rhinotracheitis produces?

A

suppurative rhinitis and conjunctivitis

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43
Q

CS of feline viral rhinotracheitis?

A

Severe rhinitis

Conjunctivitis with oculonasal discharge

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44
Q

When and where can intranuclear inclusions be found in cats with FVR?

A

When: Early phase of disease
Where: Epithelium of upper resp passage

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45
Q

In addition to conjunctivitis and rhinitis, what other lesions are found in feline calicivirus?

A

ulcers of the tongue and hard palate

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46
Q

Primary lesions in feline calicivirus are transient, what complicates the lesions?

A

secondary bacteria

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47
Q

What is limping kitten syndrome?

A

an acute self-limiting arthritis cause by infection or vx with some FCV strains

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48
Q

What causes feline chlamydiosis? Lesions?

A

Chlamydyophilla felis

Lesions: Mild conjunctivitis and serous to mcopurulent rhinitis

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49
Q

What are the causative agents of feline respiratory dz complex? CARED ABOUT THIS IN REVIEW(5)

A 
FCV 
FVR 
Chlamydia 
Mycoplasma 
FIP
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50
Q

Cause of inclusion body rhinitis in pigs

A

porcine cytomegalovirus (herpes virus)

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51
Q

What age of pigs are affected by inclusion body rhinitis? Lesions?

A

Up to 10 wks of age .

Lesions: necrotizing and non suppurative

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52
Q

Etiology of atrophic rhinitis

A

combo of B. bronchiseptica and P. multocida

OLDER PIGS

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53
Q

What causes the crusting of the skin below the medial canthus of the eye in atrophic rhinitis in pig?

A

obstruction of the nasal lacrimal duct

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54
Q

What is left of the turbinates in atrophic rhinitis?

A

a dense fibrous band

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55
Q

Nasal cavity neoplasms occur most frequently in? less in? rare in?

A

Most often in dogs
Less in cats and horses
Rare in other spp

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56
Q

Which is the most common nasal cavity neoplasia is SCC in what spp?

A

cats and horses

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57
Q

Are carcinomas or sarcomas of the nasal cavity more common?

A

carcinomas

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58
Q

In pigs, what specific dz causes swelling of the sinuses and distortion of the face?

A

atrophic rhinitis

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59
Q

Why would the exudate in the nasal passage be blood tinged? (4) (kinda general)

A

Tumors
Foreign body
Parasites
Fungal infections

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60
Q

What is bronchiectasis? What causes it?

A

Permanent abnormal dilation of bronchi from chronic bronchial obstruction and infection -> destruction of elastic and muscular components of airway walls

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61
Q

What does bronchiectasis predispose an animal to?

A

infection and compromised lung functions

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62
Q

2 types of bronchiectasis

A

Saccular

Cylindrical

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63
Q

What is the cause of saccular bronchiectasis? What spp gets it?

A 
Local obstruction (foreign body or tumor or granuloma) 
Cattle, dogs, cats
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64
Q

What is the cause of cylindrical bronchiectasis? What spp gets it?

A

Sequel of chronic bronchopneumonia > usually parasitic bronchitis
Sheep, pigs, goats

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65
Q

Common causes of nerve damage leading to laryngeal paralysis aka roaring (5) TQ!?!?!?!

A
  1. Mycosis of guttural pouch
  2. Retropharyngeal abcess
  3. Neoplasma of cervical lymph glands
  4. Injury and inflammation in neck
  5. Empyema of guttural pouch
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66
Q

What causes mycosis of the guttural pouch?

A

aspergillus fumigatus and other aspergillus sp

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67
Q

Mucosa of the guttural pouch in mycosis of the guttural pouch is covered with

A

Fibronecrotic exudate

Located at caudodorsal aspect of the medial pouch

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68
Q

What causes empyema of the guttural pouch?

A

strangles

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69
Q

COPD lesions are of?

A

chronic bronchitis > from allergies!

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70
Q

In severe cases of COPD, what happens to horse lungs? TQ?!!

A

Incomplete obstruction with mucus of bronchioles and alveoli, causing alveolar emphysema

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71
Q

What is atelectasis?

A

empty alveoli that do not contain air

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72
Q

Causes of congenital atelectasis (2)

A

obstruction of airways Hyaline membrane dz

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73
Q

What spp get hyaline membrane dz?

A

foals and piglets

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74
Q

Causes of acquired atelectasis

A

Compressive (pneumothorax, bloat)

Obstructive (exudate, parasites, neoplasms)

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75
Q

What does lung tissue in atelectasis look like?

A

dark red, flabby, depressed below the surface of surrounding lung

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76
Q

What is alveolar emphysema?

A

excessive air in the alveoli

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77
Q

Causes of alveolar emphysema (2)

A

Pressure of inhaled air

Incompletely closed bronchioles

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78
Q

What do alveolar emphysema lesions look like?

A

raised, pale, or white, dry, easily compressed

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79
Q

What is interstitial emphysema?

A

air collects in the CT of lungs

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80
Q

Why is interstitial emphysema mostly seen in cattle?

A

Developed interlobular septa and lack of collateral ventilation in adjacent lobules

81
Q

Main cause of interstitial emphysema TQ?!

A

Forced resp efforts like:
Violent efforts in anoxia
Quick loss of blood in trauma
Death after protracted illness

82
Q

Pulmonary edema? Think:

A

Left sided heart failure. He was in love with this.*

83
Q

Vasoconstriction of the pulmonary arterioles is caused by

A

Hypoxia
Chronic bronchitis or
Bronchiolitis

84
Q

What is acrute resp distress syndrome?

A

Sudden onset of congestion

85
Q

What lung dz’s cause secondary pulmonary hypertension?

A

Chronic interstitial pneumonia with fibrosis and occlusion of pulmonary vessels

86
Q

What heart dz’s cause secondary pulmonary hypertension?

A

LHF Septal defects

Left to right shunt

87
Q

What is inflammation of lungs

A

pneumonia, pneumonitis

88
Q

The #1 cause of bronchopneumonia

A

stress!!!

89
Q

What part of the lung is bronchopneumonia likely to go? How does it consolidate there?

A

Irregular consolidation of cranioventral region of lung

90
Q

*TQ What possible factors restrict bronchopneumonia to the cranioventral part of the lung (4)

A
  1. Shortness and abrupt branching on bronchus
  2. gravitational sedimentation of the exudate
  3. deposition of infectious agent in the 1st bronchus
  4. regional differences in ventilation
91
Q

What lobes are affected with bronchopneumonia causes by Actinobacillus pleuropnemonia and Actinobacillus suis?

A

middle and caudal lobes

92
Q

In what spp is a patchy distribution throughout the lung also seen besides cranioventral consolidation in bronchopneumonia?

A

dogs and cats

93
Q

What dz is mistaken easily from bronchopneumonia, because it causes a cranioventral pattern of BRONCHOINTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA?

A

bovine respiratory syncytial virus

94
Q

Appearance if suppurative bronchopneumonia

A

mosaic appearance in the cranioventral lung

95
Q

The predominant exudate in fibrinous bronchopneumonia?

A

more fibrinous than neutrophilic

96
Q

What part of the lung in affected in fibrinous bronchopneumonia?

A

part of complete lobe

97
Q

Pathogens involved in fibrinous bronchopneumonia TQ!!!! (5)

A 
M. hemolytica 
Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides 
Hemophillus somnus 
P. multocida 
Actinobacillus pneuropneumonia
98
Q

Accumulation of fibrin in the interlobular septa in fibrinous pneumonia gives the lung a _ appearance

A

marbled

99
Q

Why is death more frequent with fibrinous pneumonia?

A

pleuritis and pericarditis with fibinous adhesions

100
Q

Is fibrinous or suppurative bronchopneumonia more likely to resolve?

A

suppuratve bronchopneumonia

101
Q

Why is aspiration of vomitus in simple stoamach animals so dangerous?

A

edema development&raquo_space; fulminating bronchopneumonia

102
Q

Where is interstitial pneumonia confined to in the lung?

A

alveolar walls and alveolar interstitium

103
Q

What can cause interstitial pneumonia?

A

Aerogenous injury to alveolar epithelium

Hematagenous injury to alveolar capillaries

104
Q

How does acute interstitial pneumonia begin? What are the 2 phases?

A

Begin with injury to type I pneumocytes or alveolar capillary endothelium
Exudative then proliferative phase

105
Q

What happens in the exudative phase of acute interstitial pneumonia

A

Exudation into the alveolar lumen Inflammatory edema and neutrophils accumulation in the alveolar insterstitium

106
Q

What happens in the proliferative phase of actute insterstitial pneumonia?

A

Hyperplasia of pneumocytes II&raquo_space; thickened alveolar walls

107
Q

Hallmarks of chronic interstitial pneumonia TQ (5)

A

1, Mononuclear inflammatory cells in the insterstitium

  1. Alveolar fibrosis
  2. Hyperplastic type II pneumoncytes
  3. Formation of microscopic granulomas
  4. Hyperplasia of smooth mm in airways or pulmonary vasculature
108
Q

Distribution of lesions in interstitial pneumonia?

A

Involves the whole lung

May be more pronounced in dorsocaudal region

109
Q

Important features of interstitial pneumonia? TQ(5)

A

lungs don’t collapse when opening cavity
Rib impression
No visible exudate and meaty appearance
Heavy lungs that are elastic and rubbery
Red to pale gray

110
Q

What is bronchointerstitial pneumonia?

A

lesions of bronchopneumonia and interstitial pneumonia

111
Q

What are the main causes of bronchoinsterstitial pneumonia?

A

Viral infections
Respiratory syncytial virus
Canine distemper Influenza

112
Q

2 causes of abscesses in the lung

A

Bronchopneumonia Medastitis septic emboli

113
Q

Difference between abscesses from bronchopneumonia and metastatic septic emboli?

A

Bronchopneumona - large, in anterioventral lung

Septic emboli - small, multiple, widely distributed

114
Q

Sources of septic emboli TQ!!!(4)

A
  1. Rupture of heptatic abscesses
  2. Infected jugular catheter
  3. Valvular
  4. Other localized infections (foot rot, navel ill)
115
Q

Fungal causative agents of granulomatous pneumonia (3)

A
  1. Coccidioides immitis
  2. Blastomyces dermatidis
  3. Histoplasma capsulatum
116
Q

Higher bacterial and viruses that cause granulomatous pneumonia (3)

A
  1. Mycobacterium spp
  2. Rhodococcus equui
  3. FIP
117
Q

What causes enzootic pneumonia of calves aka calf pneumonia

A 
*variety of etiological agents* 
Pastuerella, 
H. somnus, 
Actinomyces pyogenus, 
mycoplasma
118
Q

Lesions produces of enzootic pneumonia of calves

A

suppurative bronchopneumonia

119
Q

What causes shipping fever?

A

Mannheimia hemolytica serotype 1

120
Q

Where does Mannheimia hemolytica serotype 1 usually live?

A

nasopharynx of normal calves

121
Q

Lesions of shipping fever

A

acute fibrinous bronchopneumonia

122
Q

Cause of bovine pastuerellosis (hemorrhagic septicemia)

A

P. multocida serotype B and E

123
Q

Lung lesions of bovine pasturellosis?

A

fribrinohemorrhagic insterstitial pneumonia

124
Q

Cause of respiratory histophilus (H. somni) in cattle?

A

mixed infection H. somnus, M. hemolytica, mycoplasma

125
Q

lesions of H. somni in cattle

A

fibrinous bronchopneumonia

126
Q

Where can you NOT find contagious bovine pleuropneumonia?

A

eradicated from N. America

127
Q

Cause of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia

A

Mycoplasma mucoides subsp mycoides

128
Q

Lesions of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia

A

fibrinous bronchopneumonia (usually unilateral, caudal lobes)

129
Q

Lesions caused by mycoplasma bovis?

A

suppurative bronchopneumonia

130
Q

What does mycoplasma bovis cause?

A

enzootic pneumonia > young calves Chronic pneumonia and polyarthritis > feedlot cattle

131
Q

lesions in the resp system caused by mycoplasma bovis

A

suppurative bronchopneumonia

132
Q

Pathogenesis of acute bovine pulmonary edema (ABPE)

A

eating lush green grass high in L-tryptophane

133
Q

Lesions of acute bovine pulmonary edema (ABPE)

A

diffuse interstitial pneumonia and edema

134
Q

What causes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis? Are lesions commonly seen? Where are lesions?

A

Bovine herpes virus – 1
Lesions are not commonly seen
Restricted to nasal cavity, larynx, trachea

135
Q

Lesions of bovine respiratory syncytical virus?

A

fatal broncointerstitial pneumonia in calves

136
Q

Gross changes of bovine parainfluenza virus - 3

A

mild, cranioventral or generalized lobular pattern

137
Q

What diagnostic histopath changes does bovine parainfluenza virus - 3 make?

A

bronchiolar and alveolar cells and alveolar macrophages contain prominent eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions

138
Q

Etiology of porcine enzootic pneumonia

A

Myoplasma hyopneumonia

139
Q

When does porcine enzootic pneumonia become suppurative bronchopneumonia?

A

contaminated by P. multocida and B. bronchiseptica

140
Q

Lesions of porcine enzootic pneumonia

A

bronchointerstitial pneumonia affecting cranial, middle, and cranioventral part of caudal lobes

141
Q

Etiology of porcine pneumonic pasturellosis?

A

P. multocida serotype A and D

142
Q

Gross lesions of porcine pneumonic pasturellosis?

A

suppurative bronchopneumonia

Fibrinous pleuritic

143
Q

Etiology of porcine pleuropneumonia? Age of pigs affects?

A

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Younger pigs: 6w - 6m

144
Q

Lesions of porcine pleuropnumonia

A

fibrinous bronchopneumonia in middle or caudal lung lobes

145
Q

Etiology and lesions of Hemophilus pneumonia in pigs?

A

Haemophilus parasuis

Suppurative bronchopneumoina

146
Q

What bacteria cause suppurative bronchopneumonia in pigs? (3)

A

P. Multocide
E. coli
Mycoplasma hyopneumonia

147
Q

What bacteria cause fibrinous bronchopneumonia in pigs (2)

A

A. pleuropneumoniae
Strep. Suis
Lesions caused by swine pneumonia?

148
Q

What does porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) predispose pigs to?

A

bacterial pneumonia and septicemia

149
Q

lesions of PRRS

A

interstitial pneumonia causing dyspnea

Generalized lymphadenopathy

150
Q

Lesions in post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome? Who gets it?

A

interstitial pneumonia in post weaning pig

Soft gray tan englarged lnn

151
Q

A secondary infection of pneumocystis carinii is common in pigs with (2)

A

PRRS PMWS

152
Q

Etiology and lesions of ovine shipping fever

A

M. hemolytica biotype A

Fibrinous bronchopneumonia – like cattle

153
Q

Etiology of chronic enzootic pneumonia in sheep/goats

A 
*multifactorial* 
M. hemolytica, 
P. multocida, 
adenovirus, 
PI3, 
chlamydia, 
mycoplasma
154
Q

Lesions of chronic enzootic pneumonia in sheep/goats

A

peribronchial lymphoid hyperplasia, alveolar fibrosis

155
Q

Etiology and lesions of septicemic pastuerllosis in sheep/goats

A

P. trehalosi

Hemorrhagic infarcts in the lungs and everywhere

156
Q

What causes contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (2)

A

Mycoplasma mycoides sp. Mycoides Mycoplasma mycoides sp. Capri

157
Q

What lesions are typical of Mycoplasma capricolum sp. capripneumoniae

A

fibrinous pleuropneumonia

158
Q

How is Maedi spread? How long does it take to show CS?

A

through colostrum, takes 2 years to show

159
Q

The lesions of maedi are confined to

A

lungs and associated lnn

160
Q

What are the pulmonary lesions of maedi (3)

A

severe interstitial pneumonia
Hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue in the lung
B cell hyperplasia in lnn

161
Q

Lung lesions of caprine arthritis encephalitis

A

chronic interstitial pneumonia

162
Q

What lesions does muellerius capillarious cause in sheep/goats?

A

nodules present Granulomatous rxn with abundant eosinophils

163
Q

Etiology of rhodococciosis

A

Rhodococcus equi

164
Q

When do foals die of R. equi?

A

2-4 months old, immunocompromised

165
Q

Resp lesions in R. equi?

A

pyogranulomatous pneumonia in cranioventral lung

Abscesses in lnn

166
Q

Resp lesions of canine distemper?

A

edema and diffuse interstitial pneumonia

167
Q

Resp lesions of canine adenovirus type 2 infection?

A

bronchointerstitial pneumonia

168
Q

How is canine influenza diagnosis?

A

pulmonary and pleural hemorrhage only found in this influenza

169
Q

Canine influenza may leave dogs susceptible to

A

bacterial pneumonia

170
Q

When do dogs get bacterial pneumonia

A

when pulmonary defense is impaired

171
Q

When are dogs likely to get blastomycosis? What lesions do they get

A

outdoor and hunting dogs

Multifocal pyogranulomas and dessiminated hematogenously to other tissues from lung

172
Q

Pulmonary lesions of coccidomycosis in dogs?

A

pyogranulomas

173
Q

pulmonary lesions of histoplasmosis in dogs

A

variable sized firm granulomas, occasionally diffuse involvement of the lungs

174
Q

TQ! Lesions of paraquat

A

necrosis of alveolar type I cells, injury to blood air barrier through release of free radicals

175
Q

Lesions seen in paraquat?

A

acute interstitial pneumonia, edema, hemorrhage of lung

176
Q

Lesions seen on uremic pneumonopathy

A

pulmonary edema, calcification of sm mm and alveolar walls in lung

177
Q

Lesions of dirofilaria immitis?

A

chronic arteritis, pulmonary hypertension, CHF

178
Q

Lesions of paragoniumus kellikoti

A

eosinophilic granulomas on pleural surfaces, cysts on pleura

179
Q

When do cats get feline pneumonitis?

A

infected with Chlaydophila felis, but DOES NOT CAUSE primary PULMONARY INFECTION

180
Q

When do cats get Cryptococcus? What lesions?

A

Stress

Granulomatous lesions in many tissues

181
Q

Lesions of lipid pneumonia

A

multiple yellowish white nodules

182
Q

What spp get endogenous lipid pneumonia? How can you ddx between aspiration lipid pneumonia?

A

Infrequently dogs and cats

Aspiration lipid pneumonia has extracellular globules

183
Q

Lesions of Aleurostrongylus abstructus in cats?

A

Catarrheal inflammation

Pyothorax is usual sequal

184
Q

CS of capillaria aerophila

A

chronic tracheitis and bronchitis

185
Q

How cat foals and food producing animals get fetal pneumonia (3). What lesions are seen in each? TQ!!

A

Contaminated meconium -
Diffusely distributed bronchopneumonia
Organisms through amniotic fluids - suppurative bronchopneumonia
Reach lungs through blood - interstitial pneumonia

186
Q

What organisms infect fetuses through the blood? Why do they cause interstitial pneumonia? TQ?

A

listeria, salmonella, chlamydia, and a bunch of viruses

They reach the lung intermittently not all at once

187
Q

Primary tumors of the lungs originate from?

A

epithelium

188
Q

Paraneoplastic syndromes in dogs

A

Hypercalcemia
Endocrinopathies
Osteoarthropathy

189
Q

What tumors of animals like to metastasize to the lungs TQ?!(3)

A
  1. Hemangiosarcoma
  2. Fibrosarcoma
  3. Osteosarcoma
190
Q

pulmonary adenomatosis arises from what cells? Who gets it and why?

A

pneumocyte II and clara cells (alveoli and bronchioles)

ADULT sheep from a retrovirus

191
Q

Why should sheep with pulmonary adenomatosis be kept from other sheeps?

A

respiratory exudates are infectious

192
Q

lesions of pulmonary adenomatosis

A

they look gland-like

193
Q

When do dogs get pleural calcification?

A

chronic uremia Vit D toxicity

194
Q

Lesions seen in pleural calcification

A

linear white streaks in parietal pleura

195
Q

Why do dz’s cause exudative pleural effusion?

A

alter the permability of the blood vessels

196
Q

What causes pleuritis? Lesions?

A

Secondary to pneumonia

Serous then becomes fibrinous or purulent

197
Q

What dz’s case pyogranulomatous pleuritis?

A

nocardia Actinomyces FIP

198
Q

What is the only neoplasm of pleura?

A

pleural mesothelioma

Pathology II Master (15 decks)

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