Peritoneum (LS)

Question 1

List the 3 routes of infection that cause Peritonitits.

Answer 1

• direct → perforating lesions
• hematogenous
• release of bile or pancreatic enzymes

Question 2

List the 6 types of Peritonitis

Answer 2

• Fibronous
• Fibrinohemorrhagic
• Suppurative
• Pyogranulomatous
• Granulomatous
• Chemical

Question 3

Etiology of Fibrinous Peritonitis

Answer 3

• FIP
• Mycoplasma hyorhinis
• Glasser’s Dz (Hemophilus spp.)
• Blackleg

Question 4

Lesions of Fibrinous Peritonitis

Answer 4

• yellow sheets & strands of fibrin adhered to viscera
• excess serous to serosangiuneous fluid in the cavity

Question 5

Sequelae of Fibrinous Peritonitis.

Answer 5

• complete resolution
• healing w/ fibrous adhesions
• Septicemia → death

Question 6

When is Fibrinohemorrhagic peritonitis often seen?

Answer 6

• Most cases of Clostridial hemoglobinuria
• some cases of blackleg & septicemic pastuerellosis

Question 7

4 Causes of Suppurative Peritonitis

Answer 7

• contaminated wound (post castration)
• contaminated abdonimal SX
• ruptured organs
• “Hardware Dz”

Question 8

Lesion of Suppurative Peritonitis

Answer 8

• red peritoneum w/ deposits of pus
• scattered abscesses

Question 9

Sequelae of Suppurative Peritonitis

Answer 9

• Recovery if abscess is walled off
• chronic infection & emaciation

Question 10

Suppurative Peritonitis in Horses?

Answer 10

• almost always fatal
• Most commonly due to rupture or performation of stomach or intestine
• R. equi in foals w/ infected umbilicus

Question 11

What 2 agents cause very characteristic pyogranulomatous or granulomatous peritonits in Dogs?

Answer 11

• Nocardia
• Actinomyces

Question 12

What causes pyogranulomatous peritonitis in Cats?

Answer 12

FIP

Question 13

Pearl Dz. (TB) causes what form of peritonitis?

Answer 13

Granulomatous peritonitis

Question 14

3 Exogenous causes of Chemical Peritonitis?

Answer 14

• Intraperitoneal injections
• SX glove powder
• accidental spillage of barium sulfate

Question 15

3 Endogenous causes of Chemical Peritonitis?

Answer 15

• bile & pancreatic enzymes
• leakage of chyle from a ruptured lymphatic
• cystitis & rupture of urinary bladder

Question 16

Sequelae of Peritonitis?

Answer 16

death from septicemia

Question 17

Lesions of abdominal fat necrosis?

(2)

Answer 17

• foci of white, necrotic adipose tissue surrounded by zone of intense hyperemia w/ fibrin deposits
• chicken soup peritoneal fluid

Question 18

List the 3 types of abdominal fat necrosis.

Answer 18

• Pancreatic
• Focal necrosis→ sheep
• massive necrosis (lipomatosis) → cattle

Question 19

Lipomatosis if most frequently reported in what type of cattle?

Answer 19

• Channel Island breeds - Jersey, Guernsey and the Alderney.
• excessively fat cattle

Question 20

Lesions of “Wet” form of FIP

(Cornavirus)

Answer 20

extensive fibrin & fluid accumulation in the abdomen

Question 21

Lesions of “Dry” form of FIP?

Answer 21

scattered, white foci of pyogranulomatous inflammaton on the surface & extending into the viscera

Question 22

Common lesions of FIP?

Answer 22

May have:

• pleuritis
• ophthalmitis
• meningitis

Question 23

List the Primary Neoplasms of the Peritoneum

(5)

Answer 23

• Mesotheliomas → cattle & dog
• Lipomas→ horse & dog
• Myxomas
• Fibromas
• Neurofibromatosis →cattle

Question 24

Lipomas in Horses orginate from where? Consequences?

Answer 24

• mesentary
• pedunculated
• may reach enormous size → acute strangulation obstruction of the intestine

Question 25

Lipomas in Dogs arise from where?

Answer 25

• omentum
• non-pedunculated
• settle on abdominal floor

Question 26

4 Gross Lesions of Mesotheliomas

Answer 26

• multiple, firm sessile or pedunculate nodules
• villous projections
• milky or bloody effusion
• ascites