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FA - Pharmacology > Respiratory - Asthma > Flashcards

Respiratory - Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the suffix for 1st generation H1 blockers

A

-en/-ine or -en/-ate

Diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chorpheniramine

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2
Q

What are 1st generation H1 blockers used for

A

Allergy, motion sickness, sleep aid

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3
Q

What are toxicities to 1st generation H1 blockers

A

Sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-alpha,adrenergic

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4
Q

What is the suffix for 2nd generation H1 blockers

A

-adine

Loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine

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5
Q

What are 2nd generation H1 blockers used for

A

Allergy

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6
Q

What are toxicities to 2nd generation H1 blockers

A

Less sedation than 1st generation because of decreased entry into the CNS

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7
Q

What is the mechanism and use of albuterol

A

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle (B2 agonist)

Use during acute exacerbation

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8
Q

What is the mechanism and use of salmeterol/formoterol

A

B2 agonst

Long acting agent for prophylaxis
Can cause tremor and arrhythmia

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of theophylline

A

Causes bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, thereby decreasing cAMP hydrolysis

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10
Q

What is the mechanism of ipratropium

A

Competitive block of muscarinic receptors, preventing bronchoconstriction
Also used for COPD

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11
Q 
What class of drugs are beclmethasone/fluticasone
What are they used for
A

Corticosteroids - inhibit synthesis of cytokines

Used for chronic asthma

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of montelukast/zafirukast

What are they used for

A

Block leukotriene receptors

Good for aspirin induced asthma

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of zileuton

A

5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor

Blocks arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of omalizumab

A

Anti-IgE antibody

Used in allergic asthma resistant to steroids and B2 agonist

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15
Q

What is guaifenesin

A

Expectorant

Thins respiratory secretions, does not suppress cough

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16
Q

What is N-acetylcysteine

A

Mucolytic - loosens mucous plugs in CF patients

Also used for acetaminophen overdoes

17
Q

What is bosentan

A

Treats pulmonary HTN

Antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors, decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance

18
Q

What is dextromethorphan

A

Antitussive (antagonizes NMDA glutamine receptors)

19
Q

What is the mechanism of pseudoepedrine/phenylephrine

A

Alpha agonist, non prescription decongestant

20
Q

What is the mechanism and use of methacholine

A

Muscarinic receptor agonist

Used in asthma challenge test

FA - Pharmacology (12 decks)

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