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FA - Pharmacology > Autonomic Drugs - Sympathetics > Flashcards

Autonomic Drugs - Sympathetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of epinephrine

A

Direct sympathetic agonist

α1, α2, β2, β1

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2
Q

What is epinephrine used for

A

Anaphylaxis
Glaucoma (open angle)
Asthma
Hypotension

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of norepinephrine

A

Direct sympathetic agonist
α1, α2, and mild β1
No effect on β2

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4
Q

What is norepinephrine used for

A

Hypotension (but decrease renal perfusion)

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5
Q

What is the mechanism of action of isoproterenol

A

Direct sympathetic agonist

Equal agonist β1 = β2 activity

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6
Q

What is isoproterenol used for

A

Torsade de pointes

Bradyarrhythmias

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action of dopamine

A

Direct sympathetic agonist

D1 = D2, mild β1 & β2 and mild α1

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8
Q

What is dopamine used for

A

Shock
Heart failure
Inotropic and chronotropic

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of dobutamine

A

Direct sympathetic agonist

β1 > β2

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10
Q

What is dobutamine used for

A

Heart failure, cardiac stress, stress testing

Inotropic and chronotropic

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of phenylephrine

A

Direct sympathetic agonist

α1 > α2

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12
Q

What is phenylephrine used for

A 
Hypotension (vasoconstrictor)
Ocular procedures (mydriatic)
Rhinitis (decongestant)
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13
Q

What is the mechanism of action of albuterol/salmeterol/terbutaline

A

Direct sympathetic agonist

β2 > β1

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14
Q

What is albuterol/salmeterol/terbutaline used for

A

Metaproternol and albuterol for acute asthma
Salmeterol for long term asthma or COPD
Terbutalne to reduce premature uterine contraction

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of ritodrine

A

Direct sympathetic agonist

β2 only

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16
Q

What is ritodrine used for

A

Reduces premature uterine contractions

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17
Q

What is the mechanism of action of ampetamine

A

Indirect general agonist

Releases stored catecholamines

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18
Q

What is ampetamine used for

A

Narcolepsy
Obesity
ADD

19
Q

What is the mechanism of action of ephedrine

A

Indirect general agonist

Releases stored catecholamines

20
Q

What is ephedrine used for

A

Nasal decongestion
Urinary incontinence
Hypotension

21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of cocaine

A

Indirect general agonist

Reuptake inhibitor

22
Q

What is cocaine used for

A

Vasconstriction and local anesthesia

23
Q

What is the mechanism of action of clonidine/methyldopa

A

Centrally acting α2 agonist

24
Q

What is clonidine/methyldopa used for

A

Hypertension

25
Q

What is the mechanism of action of phenoxybenzamine

A

Nonselective α blocker

26
Q

What is phenoxybenzamine used for

A

Pheochromocytoma

27
Q

What are toxicities to phenoxybenzamine

A

Orthostatic hypotension

Reflex tachycardia

28
Q

What is the mechanism of action of phentolamine

A

Nonselective α blocker

29
Q

What is phenoxybenzamine used for

A

Patients on MAOi eating tyramine containing foods

30
Q

What are toxicities to phenoxybenzamine

A

Orthostatic hypotension

Reflex tachycardia

31
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the -osins

A

α1 selective blocker

32
Q

What are the -osins used for

A

Hypertension

Urinary retention in BPH

33
Q

What are toxicities to the -osins

A

1st dose orthostatic hypotension
Dizziness
Headache

34
Q

What is the mechanism of action of mirtazapine

A

α2 selective blocker

35
Q

What is mirtazapine used for

A

Depression

36
Q

What are toxicities to mirtazapine

A

Sedation
Increase serum cholesterol
Increase appetite

37
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the -lols

A

Beta blocker

38
Q

Name clinical applications of the -lols

A 
Angina pectoris
MI
SVT
Hypertension
CHF
Glaucoma
39
Q

What are toxicities of the -lols

A

Impotence
Exacerbation of asthma
Bradycardia, AV block
Sleep alteration

40
Q

What are the β1 selective antagonists

A 
Acebutolol
Betaxolol
Esmolol (short acting)
Atenolol (no CNS entry)
Metoprolol
41
Q

What are the nonselective antagonist (β1 = β2)

A

Timolol
Propranolol
Nadolol
PIndolol

42
Q

What are the nonselective α and β antagonist

A

Labetalol

Carvedilol

43
Q

What are the β-agonists

A

Pindolol

Acebutolol

FA - Pharmacology (12 decks)

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