Autonomic Drugs - Cholinergics and Anticholinergics Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of bethanechol
Direct cholinergic agonist
What is bethanechol used for
Postoperative ileus
Neurogenic ileus
Urinary retention
What is the action of bethanechol
Activates bowel and bladder smooth muscle
Resistant to AChE
(Beth needs bethanechol to poop and pee)
What is the mechanism of action of carbachol
Direct cholinergic agonist
What is carbachol used for
Glaucoma
Pupillary contraction
Relief of intraocular pressure
What is the action of carbachol
CARBon copy of AcetylCHOLine (CARBACHOL)
What is the mechanism of action of pilocarpine
Direct cholinergic agonist
What is pilocarpine used for
Stimulator of sweat, tears, and saliva
Open and closed angle glaucoma
(You cry, drool, and sweat on your PILOw)
What is the action of pilocarpine
Contracts ciliary muscle of eye (open angle glaucoma), pupillary sphincter (closed angle glaucoma)
Resistant to AChE
What is the mechanism of action of methacholine
Direct cholinergic agonist
What is methacholine used for
Challenge test for diagnosis of asthma
What is the action of methacholine
Stimulates muscarinic receptors in airway when inhaled
What is the mechanism of action of neostigmine
Indirect cholinergic agonist
indirectly increase cholinergic stimulation by increasing ACh levels
What is neostigmine used for
Postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
Myasthenia gravis
Reversal of NMJ blockade
What is the action of neostigmine
Increase endogenous ACh
NEO CNS = no CNS penetration
What is the mechanism of action of pyridostigmine
Indirect cholinergic agonist
indirectly increase cholinergic stimulation by increasing ACh levels
What is pyridostigmine used for
Myasthenia gravis (long acting Does not penetrate CNS
What is the action of pyridostigmine
Increase endogenous ACh
Increase strength
pyRIDostiGMine gets RID of Gravis Myasthenia
What is the mechanism of action of edrophonium
Indirect cholinergic agonist
indirectly increase cholinergic stimulation by increasing ACh levels
What is edrophonium used for
Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (short acting)
What is the action of edrophonium
Increase endogenous ACh
What is the mechanism of action of physostigmine
Indirect cholinergic agonist
indirectly increase cholinergic stimulation by increasing ACh levels
What is physostigmine used for
Anticholinergic toxicity
Crosses BBB to CNS
What is the action of physostigmine
Increase endogenous ACh
PHYsostigmine PHYxes atropine overdose
What is the mechanism of action of donepezil
Indirect cholinergic agonist
indirectly increase cholinergic stimulation by increasing ACh levels
What is donepezil used for
Alzheimers disease
What is the action of donepezil
Increase endogenous ACh
What must you watch for in all cholinomimetic agents
Watch for exacerbation of COPD, asthma, and peptic ulcers
What is the effect of cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
DUMBBELSS
Diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, lacrimation, sweating, and salivation
What is the mechanism of action of benztropine
Muscarinic antagonist
What organ system does benztropine work on
CNS
What is benztropine used for
PARKinson disease
PARK my BENZ
What is the mechanism of action of scopolamine
Muscarinic antagonist
What organ system does scopolamine work on
CNS
What is scopolamine used for
Motion sickness
What is the mechanism of action of ipratropium/tiotropium
Muscarinic antagonist
What organ system does ipratropium/tiotropium work on
Respiratory
What is ipratropium/tiotropium used for
COPD and asthma
I PRAtropium I can breathe
What is the mechanism of action of oxybutynin
Muscarinic antagonist
What organ system does oxybutynin work on
Genitourinary
What is oxybutynin used for
Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasm
What is the mechanism of action of glycopyrrolate
Muscarinic antagonist
What organ system does glycopyrrolate work on
Gastrointestinal
Respiratory
What is glycopyrrolate used for
Parenteral: preoperative use to reduce airway secretions
Oral: drooling, peptic ulcer
What is the mechanism of action of atropine
Muscarinic antagonist
What is atropine used for
Treat bradycardia and for opthalmic applications
What effects does atropine toxicity have
Blocks DUMBBeLSS
Hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter
