Respiratory Flashcards
Characterized by reduced airflow rates; lung volumes within normal range or larger, typical have trouble with EXHALATION (i.e. asthma, chronic bronchiolitis, CF)
Obstructive disease
Reduced lung volumes and expiratory flow rates, difficulty with INSPIRATION (i.e. Pneumonia)
Restrictive disease
A disease of the lower respiratory tract that causes inflammation leading to obstruction of the small respiratory airways.
Bronchiolitis
What IM injection can be given for RSV prevention?
Synagis
Synagis is given IM how often
Every month during RSV season
Who should receive Synagis?
Less than 2 years of age with chronic lung disease
Premature infants (<32 weeks) during first year of life
Infants 32-35 weeks if they: attend daycare, have school-aged siblings, are exposed to environmental pollution, have abnormal airways, or have severe neuromuscular problems
A disease characterized by an increased responsiveness of the trachea and bronchi to various stimuli, and manifested by widespread narrowing of the airways that changes in severity either spontaneously or as a result of treatment.
Asthma
Asthma has ______ of smooth muscle.
Hypertrophy
Asthma has mucosal _____ and _____
edema and hyperemia
In asthma, there is ______ of mucus glands
hypertrophy
In asthma, there is a ________ of epithelial basement membranes. This is called what?
Thickening
Remodeling
Signs and symptoms of asthma reveal breath sounds that are ___________
hyper resonant
Ominous signs of asthma include: ____ breath sounds, inability to maintain ________, and __________.
Absent breath sounds
Inability to maintain recumbency (can’t lay down)
Cyanosis
Hospitalization is recommended if the peak flow is less than ___ liters/minute or there is no improvement in _______ after aerosol treatment.
60 L/min
ventilation
Is chest XRay required in the management of asthma?
No, unless ruling out other issue
What is the most important value when assessing lung function?
Forced expiratory volume
What stages of asthma are there? (4)
Intermittent, Mild persistent, moderate persistent, and severe persistent
What stage of asthma? Symptoms 2 days/week, nighttime awakenings: 2/month, rescue inhaler use: 2 days/week, interference with normal activity: none, lung function: FEV is more than 80% predicted
Intermittent Asthma
What stage of asthma? Symptoms more than 2 days/week, night time awakenings 3 to 4 times/mo, rescue inhaler use more than 2 days/week but NOT daily, Minor limitation on normal actiity, FEV greater than 80%
Mild persistent asthma
What stage of asthma? Daily symptoms with more than once/night nighttime awakenings but NOT nightly. Daily rescue inhaler use with some limitation on daily activity. FEV is 60-80% predicted.
Moderate persistent asthma
What stage of asthma? symptoms throughout the day with nightly nighttime awakenings, rescue inhaler use several times/day with extreme limitations on daily life, FEV is less than 60% predicted.
Severe persistent asthma
What is the goal of asthma treatment?
Focuses on achieving and maintaining control
What is part of a preferred treatment for persistent asthma across all age groups?
inhaled corticosteroids
Combination therapy is recommending with IHC with what drug?
Long acting beta agonist
