GU/GYN

Question 1

Involuntary urination that occurs at an age when voluntary control should be present?

Answer 1

Enuresis

Question 2

Children who have never established control have _____ enuresis

Answer 2

Primary

Question 3

Children who have been dry for more than 6-11 months and then begin bedwetting is called:

Answer 3

Secondary enuresis

Question 4

Enuresis can occur in up to __% of 10-year olds

Answer 4

3%

Question 5

What lab/diagnostic tests do you order for a child experiencing enuresis?

Answer 5

UA and culture

Question 6

What medications can be helpful in the treatment of enuresis?

Answer 6

Imipramine, DDAVP, oxybutynin (ditropan)

Question 7

Bacterial infections of the urinary tract are more common in ____ that are ______ in the first year of life. This then increases to ______ with a 10:1 ratio throughout the lifespan

Answer 7

males; uncircumcised

females

Question 8

What does the UA show if positive for UTI? (3)

Answer 8

Leukocytes, erythrocytes, nitrites

Question 9

If the patient has a UTI and is febrile, they should receive a renal/bladder __________.

Answer 9

US

Question 10

Oral antibiotics are given for 10-14 days. Top choice is:

Answer 10

Trimethroprim/sulfamethoxazole

Question 11

If no improvement is seen after ___ days, change ABX

Answer 11

2 days

Question 12

Children less than __ months with UTI will require hospitilization for IV ABX

Answer 12

2 months

Question 13

If renal US is abnormal, what is the next test you will order?

Answer 13

VCUG

Question 14

A relatively common congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is on the ventral surface of the penis.

Answer 14

Hypospadias

Question 15

S/Sx of hypospadias include: dorsally _____ _____, urinary stream that aims ________, and ______ (ventral bowing of the penis).

Answer 15

Dorsally hooded foreskin
downward
chordee

Question 16

This occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath that surrounds the testicles

Answer 16

Hydrocele

Question 17

Hydrocele can either be _____ or open to the abdomen, which is referred to as _______.

Answer 17

sealed (non-communicating)

Communicating

Question 18

Which type of hydrocele requires surgical intervention?

Answer 18

Communicating hydrocele

Question 19

Absence of one or both of the testes from the scrotal sac due to failure to descend from abdomen in utero.

Answer 19

Cryptorchidism

Question 20

When should your refer a patient to urology if testes are still undescended?

Answer 20

1 year old

Question 21

Twisting and strangulation of the spermatic cord characterized by acute pain; constitutes a surgical emergency to prevent necrotic testicle and infertility

Answer 21

Testicular torsion

Question 22

In testicular torsion, pain is not relieved by elevating the scrotum. This is called _____ sign

Answer 22

Prim Sign

Question 23

Pain and cramping associated with menstruation

Answer 23

Dysmenorrhea

Question 24

Absence of any pelvic pathology which is most commonly seen in adolescent is called ______ dysmenorrhea.

Answer 24

Primary

Question 25

_____ dysmenorrhea results from an underlying cause such as pregnancy, PID, and endometriosis.

Answer 25

Secondary

Question 26

Ibuprofen is helpful in dysmenorrhea because it blocks _________.

Answer 26

prostaglandin

Question 27

A parasitic STI; produces serious reproductive complications in either sex

Answer 27

Chlamydia

Question 28

What is the most common bacterial STD in the US?

Answer 28

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 29

Chlamydia remains one the most common causes of ____ and ____ in adolescents.

Answer 29

Cervicitis | Urethritis

Question 30

Females and males can often be _________

Answer 30

asymptomatic

Question 31

What color is penile discharge with Chlamydia

Answer 31

thick and cloudy

Question 32

What is the medical treatment for chlamydia?

Answer 32

1 gram azithromycin in a single dose OR doxycycline 100 mg BID x 7 days

Question 33

A bacterial STI caused by a gram-negative diplococci and can be cultured from the genitourinary tract, oropharynx, conjunctiva, and/or anorectum

Answer 33

Gonorrhea

Question 34

Gonorrhea is the leading cause of ______ among females

Answer 34

infertility

Question 35

80% of females with gonorrhea are ________

Answer 35

asymptomatic

Question 36

What is the vaginal discharge with gonorrhea?

Answer 36

Mucopurulent (copious)

Question 37

In males with gonorrhea, the penile discharge is what color

Answer 37

White/yellow/green

Question 38

What is the treatment for gonorrhea?

Answer 38

ceftriaxone IM single dose

Question 39

When treating gonorrhea, what other STI will you also treat?

Answer 39

Chlamydia

Question 40

True or False: Gonorrhea should be reported to the health department.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

An STI caused by Treponema pallidum, a sphirocete

Answer 41

Syhplis

Question 42

What occurs during primary syphilis infection?

Answer 42

painless indurated chancre

Question 43

What occurs in secondary syphilis?

Answer 43

Strong reactive syphilis infection with flu-like symptoms. Maculopapular rash, especially on the palms and soles

Question 44

In _______ syphilis, the patient is seropositive but asymptomatic. About ___ of untreated cases develop tertiary syphilis.

Answer 44

Latent syphilis | 1/3

Question 45

In tertiary syphilis there becomes __ __ __ involvement

Answer 45

Central nervous system

Question 46

Serological tests for syphilis includes:

Answer 46

RPR

Question 47

What test is used for the confirmatory test for syphilis

Answer 47

Treponemal tests

Question 48

Treatment option for syphilis:

Answer 48

Benzathine penicillin G (IM)

Question 49

What drugs can you use to treat syphilis if the patient is allergic to penicilin?

Answer 49

Doxycycline | Erythromycin

Question 50

A vaginal infection in which several species of bacteria interact to alter the vaginal flora.

Answer 50

Bacterial vaginosis

Question 51

The cause of BV is from _______ pH and ______ lactobacilli

Answer 51

increased pH and decreased lactobacilli

Question 52

Is BV an STI?

Answer 52

NO, vaginal infection

Question 53

What is the discharge appear like with BV

Answer 53

Milky white discharge

Question 54

Discharge smells like what after sexual intercourse?

Answer 54

Fish

Question 55

The Wet mount is performed for BV, which reveals ____ cells (epithelial cells covered with bacteria appear stippled with poorly defined borders).

Answer 55

Clue Cells

Question 56

What test produces a fishy odor when potassium hydroxide to the slide with cells on it?

Answer 56

Amine "whiff" test

Question 57

Treatment for bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 57

Metronidazole PO Clindamycin PO OR either above intra-vaginally

Question 58

Recurrent, viral STI that is associated with painful lesions

Answer 58

Herpes

Question 59

This type of herpes is found on the lips, face, and mucos

Answer 59

Type 1

Question 60

This type of herpes is found on the genitalia

Answer 60

Type 2

Question 61

The initial symptoms for herpes includes fever, malaise, dysuria, painful/pruritic uclers for ___ days

Answer 61

12 days

Question 62

What is the most definitive lab/diagnostic test

Answer 62

Viral culture

Question 63

A disorder characterized by immunodeficiency as the result of infections by human immunodeficiency virus.

Answer 63

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Question 64

What is the primary postnatal route of infection?

Answer 64

Breastfeeding

Question 65

What screening test is is used in infants to detect HIV?

Answer 65

HIV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing

Question 66

What screening test is used in infants for AIDS?

Answer 66

ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)

Question 67

What is the confirmatory test for HIV/AIDS

Answer 67

Western blot

Question 68

What antibiotic is given for prevention of pneumocystis pneumonia?

Answer 68

Bactrim