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USMLE Step1 > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Rx for pulmonary AH

A

bosentan

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2
Q

Bosentan MOA

A

competitive antagonist of endothelin-1 receptor

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3
Q

Methacholine vs

A

ipratropium (M3 receptor blocker)

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4
Q

thoracocentesis rules

A

above 7, 9, 11

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5
Q

cyanosis, chocolate colored blood, dusky skin

A

methhemoglobinema

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6
Q

cyanosis happens when deoxy Hb is

A

mt 5g/dl

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7
Q

normal A-a gradient

A

10-15 mm Hg

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8
Q

conditions of hypoxemia with nl A-a gradient

A

alveolar hypoventillation (high altitude and opioid use)

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9
Q

life threating epistaxis which A

A

sphenopalatine A (branch of maxillary)

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10
Q

lines of Zahn is seen if thrombi are formed ….

A

before death

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11
Q

pulmonary emboli blood picture

A

resp alkalosis
Increased pH
Decreased PO2 and PCO2

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12
Q

mech of rash in fat emboli

A

thrombocytopenia leading to petcheial rash

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13
Q

obstructive characteristic

A

decreased FEV1/FVC ratio

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14
Q

4 drugs causing restrictive lung disease

A

bleomycin, busulfan, amiodarone and MTX

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15
Q

reticulo nodular opacitiy in CXR

A

interstitial lung disease (honey coomb lung )

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16
Q

only one body in pneumoconiosis

A

asbestos body (ferruginous) golden brown looks like dumbells

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17
Q

pathognomonic of asbestosis

A

pleural plaques

18
Q

berylliosis

A

airplane granuloma

19
Q

coal worker

A

black lung

20
Q

Berryliosis risk

A

TB and Cancer

21
Q

lobe predilection for pneumoconiosis

A

asbestosis - lower lobe (all else upper lobe)

22
Q

gold std for asbestosis

A

EM (asbestosis fibres)

23
Q

acid base in neonatal RDS

A

metabolic acidosis

24
Q

in obesity, even at walking hours, PaCO2 is ….

A

increased (retention)

25
Q

Rx for idiopathic PAH

A

bosentan (endothelin receptor antagonist)

Lung transplantation

26
Q

extended consumption of fenfluramine is associated with

A

PAH

27
Q

fremitus increased only in

A

consolidation

28
Q

secondary spont pneumothorax due to

A

diseased lung or mech vn

29
Q

cold agglutinin pneumonia

A

mycoplasma

30
Q

lung abscess rx

A

clindamycin

31
Q

paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration

A

small cell ca

32
Q

squamous and small cell ca are

A

central and smokers

33
Q

Rx for small lung ca

A

chemotherapy (always)

34
Q

mucin + lung ca

A

adenoca (copious secretion)

35
Q

ca of non-smokers

A

adenoca (MC ovaerall)

36
Q

large cell ca secrete

A

beta hCG (large breast and galactorrhoea)

37
Q

2nd gen anti-histamine cause less sedation because

A

don’t cross BBB

38
Q

mucous thinners

A

quaifenesin & NAC

39
Q

omalizumab receptor

A

IgE

40
Q

toxicity of theophylline and Rx

A

cardio and neuro (give beta blockers)

41
Q

bronchiolitis obliterans

A

c/c transplant rejection

USMLE Step1 (19 decks)

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