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USMLE Step1 > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

“-osin”

A

a1 selective blocker

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2
Q

Mirtazapine

A

a2 selective blocker

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3
Q

Garlic order

A

Arsenic

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4
Q

Arsenic antidote

A

Dimercaprol

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5
Q

Km is inversely proportional to

A

affinity of enzyme to its subtrate

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6
Q

Vmax is proportional to

A

enz conc.

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7
Q

In the line weaver burk plot, when the x intercept closer to zero, km

A

increases (affinity decreases)

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8
Q

what is common between irreverrible competitive and non-competitive

A

decreased Vmax and efficacy

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9
Q

formula for Vd

A

amount of drug in the body/plasma conc.

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10
Q

formula for CL

A

rate of elimintion of drug/plasma conc
or
Vd x elimination constant

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11
Q

formula for t 1/2

A

0.693xVd/CL

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12
Q

formula for loading and maitenance dose

A

Cp x Vd/F

Cp x CL/F

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13
Q

eg. of zero order kinetics

A

PEA
Phenytoin
Ethanol
Aspirin

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14
Q

acidic drugs example

A

phenobarbital methotrexate aspirin(salicylic acid) TCA (alkalinize ith bicarbonate)

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15
Q

basic drug example

A

amphetamine (acidify with ammonium chloride)

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16
Q

phase II metabolism

A

GAS
glucuronidation
Acetylation
Sulfation

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17
Q

eg. of acetylation drugs

A

isoniazid, dapsone, hydralzine, procainamide

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18
Q

partial agonists has less DASH than full agonist

A

efficacy

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19
Q

potency is related to

A

EC50

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20
Q

3 graphs of inhibition

A

competitive to right
non-competitive down
partial agonist low efficacy

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21
Q

eg. of small therapeutic index drugs

A

warfarin theophylline digoxin lithium

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22
Q

Ach N sites

A

somatic sk mm

all ganglia and adrenal medulla

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23
Q

Ach M sites

A

para: cardiac, sm. mm, gland cells, nerve terminals
symp: sweat glands

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24
Q

NE alpha beta sites

A

sympathetic:cardiac, sm. mm, gland cells, nerve terminals

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25
Q

D D1 sites

A

symp: renal vasculature, smooth muscle

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26
Q

alpha 1 action on vessels

A

vasoconstriction

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27
Q

beta 2 action on vessels

A

vasodilation

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28
Q

alpha 2 action

A

decreased sympathetic flow, insulin release, lipolysis, aques humor production
increased platelet aggregation

29
Q

Ach M3 action: think about

A

AchE poisoing

30
Q

HAV 1 M&M

A

Phospholipase C Protein kinase C

31
Q

MAD2

A

Gi Adenyle Cyclase decresed cAMP, Protein kinase A

32
Q

direct cholinomimetics

A

bethanechol, carbachol, methacholine, pilocarpine

33
Q

Indirect cholino drugs

A

Edrophonium, physo, neo, pyrido

donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine

34
Q

Glycopyrrolate is a

A

muscarinic antagonists (pre-op to reduce airway secretions)

35
Q

Oxybutynin is a

A

muscarinic antagonists (to reduce bladder spasm)

36
Q

scopolamine what and indication (other drugs)

A

anti-muscarinic and motion sickness

meclizine and diphendydrinate

37
Q

DOC for gardners pupil

A

physostigmine

38
Q

atropine on heart rt

A

tachycardia

39
Q

puffer fish, reef fish, dark meat fish toxins

A

tetrodotoxin
ciguatoxin
scombroid

40
Q

dobutamine mech and indi

A

beta 1 more than beta 2

cardiogenic shock

41
Q

isoproteronol receptor preference

A

beta 1=2

42
Q

phenylephrine, methoxamine receptor preference

A

alpha 1 > 2

43
Q

name indirect sympathomimetics

A

aphetamine cocaine ephedrine

44
Q

sympatholytics

A

clonidine and a-methyl dopa

45
Q

non-selective alpha beta antoganist

A

carvedilol labetalol

46
Q

antidote: acetaminophen

A

n-acetyl cysteine

47
Q

antidote: benzodiazepines

A

flumazenil

48
Q

antidote: beta blockers

A

glucagon

49
Q

antidote: heparin

A

protmaine sulphate

50
Q

antidote: opoid

A

naloxone

51
Q

antidote: organophosphate

A

atropine pralidoxime

52
Q

antidote: methanol

A

fomepizole

53
Q

antidote:streptokinase

A

epsilon amino caproic acid

54
Q

drugs causing cutaneous flushing

A 
VANC
vancomycin
adenosine
niacin
calcium channel blockers
55
Q

drugs causing hypothyroidsm

A

lithium amiodarone sulphonamides

56
Q

drugs causing a/c cholestatic jaundice

A

erythromycin

57
Q

drugs causing hepatic necrosis

A

halophane, amatoxin, valproic acid acetaminophen

HAVAc

58
Q

drug causing pancreatitis

A

didanoisine

59
Q

drugs causing direct coombs + hemolytic anemia

A

methyl dopa and penicillin

60
Q

drug causing thrombocytopenia

A

heparin

61
Q

drugs causing megaloblastic anemia

A

pheytoin, methotrexate and sulph drugs

62
Q

drugs causing fat redistribtuion

A

protease inhi and GC

63
Q

drugs causing gingival hyperplasia

A

phenytoin cycloporine, CCB

64
Q

drugs causing cinchoism

A

quinine

65
Q

drugs causing DCM

A

anthracyclines (doxo and dauno)

66
Q

inducers of p450

A

chronic alcohol, St johns wort, phenytoin, phenobarbital, nevirapine, carbamazepine, rifampin and greseiofulvin
phen-phen,pine-pine,pin and vin

67
Q

substrates of p450

A

warfarin
theophylline
OCP
anti-epieptics

68
Q

184_code for protein synthesis inhibitors antibiotics

A

buy AT 30 and CCEL at 50

USMLE Step1 (19 decks)

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