Musculo skeletal Flashcards
1
Q
code for wrist bones
A
so long to pinky, here comes the thumb
2
Q
hook of hamate nerve
A
ulnar
3
Q
carpal tunnel syndrome
A
median nerve
4
Q
superficial laceration of palm N
A
recurrent branch of median nerve
5
Q
klumpke paralysis
A
claw hand
6
Q
Golgi tendon organ and muscle spindle: sensitive to
A
GTO to tension and spindle to length
7
Q
which channel in sm and cardiac muscle for entry of extracellular ca++
A
voltage gated L-type
8
Q
AHM is
A
myosin and dark
9
Q
IZ (sarcomere) is
A
actin
10
Q
anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody associated with
A
RA
11
Q
uricosuric drugs
A
probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
12
Q
Ab specific for SLE
A
dsDNA and smith
13
Q
anti-histone antibodies specific for
A
drug induced SLE (hydralazine and procainamide)
14
Q
gomori trichrome stain
A
mitochondrial myopathy (red ragged fiber disease)
15
Q
myasthenia gravis HS type
A
II
16
Q
Ach E inhibitors (edrophonium test)
A
improves M. gravis
17
Q
Lambert Eaton syndrome associated with
A
small cell lung cancer
18
Q
desmacula made up of
A
keratin (desmosome/macula adherens)
19
Q
celecoxib
A
selective COX-2 inhibitor
20
Q
Montelukast inhibit
A
LTC4, D4, E4
21
Q
PABA blocks
A
UVB
22
Q
artery with radial N in the groove
A
deep brachial A
23
Q
drugs for restless leg syndrome
A
dopamine agonists (ropinirole, pramipexole)
24
Q
Hip extensors
A
G. maximus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of b. femoris
25
anterior drawer sign tests for
ACL
26
sensation of lateral forarm
musculo skeletal
27
guyon's canal which nerve
ulnar
28
winged scapula which N and M
long thoracic and S. anterior
29
pope's blessings
pop for proximal median nerve
30
foot drop
common peroneal nerve
31
surgical neck of humerus which A and N
axillary N and posterior circumflex A
32
type I muscles are
postural
33
marble bone disease
osteopetrosis
34
mutation in achondroplasia
FGFR1
35
brown tumor is aka
osteitis fibrosa cystica
36
soap bubble x ray
giant cell tumor
37
onion skin x ray
ewings
38
night pain bone tumor
osteoid osteoma
39
two interesting lab findings in sarcoidosis
hypercalcemia due to high vitamin D
| increased ACE
40
anti-centromere antibody
CREST c for c
41
structural support via keratin (cellular connections)
desmosome
42
stuck on appearance
SK pottekad
43
keratin pearl seen in
squamous cell ca
44
S100 tumour marker
melanoma
45
pallisading nuclei which skin ca
basal
46
increased anterior gliding
ACL injury
47
Mc murray test popping on external rotation
medial meniscal tear
48
unhappy triad
MAM (MCL,ACL,medial meniscus)
49
most common rotator cuff injury and how to test
supraspinastus and empty can
50
pitching injury
infraspinatus
51
acutecarpal tunnel syndrome
dislocation of lunate
52
wrist bone and ulnar nerve injury
hook of hamate
53
guyan canal syndrome
ulnar nerve in cyclist
54
axillary nerve when injury
surgical neck, anterior dislocation
55
musculucutaneous nerve supplies
biceps and lateral forearm
56
confusion in radial N injury
decreased grip
57
supracondylar fracture of humerus
median N
58
distal median nerve lesion
sensation intact
59
distal injury of median adn ulnar
median- carpal tunnel, lunate
dislocation and laceration
ulnar- guyon canal, hamate
60
klumpke which trunk and imp muscle
lower, lumbricals (claw hand)
61
thoraxic outlet sydnrome same as
klumpke
62
sara's long
wings
63
proximal lesions are seen when
making fist
64
for claw hand, think about
lumbricals only
65
obturator nerve supplies
adductor compartment (pelvic surgery)
66
femoral N
thigh flexion and by extension (pelvic fracture)
67
tibial N conditions
bakers cyst, tarsal tunnel syndrome
68
gluteal injections
upper medial- superior gluteal
| lower medial- sciatic nerve
69
trendlenburg droop
damaged nerve is opposite side
70
inf gluteal nerve injury
posterior hip dislocation
difficulty to climb stairs
glutues maximus 9extension hip)
71
sciatica commonly involves
L5,S1
72
disc levels
L5,S1- achilles
L3,L4- knee
L4-L5- dorsiflexion
73
long thoraxic N go with
lateral thoraxic artery (L and L)
74
axillary nerve go with
posterior circumflex art
75
radial N go with
deep brachial art
76
cubitus fossa median N go with
brachial art
77
popliteal fossa tibial n go with
popliteal art
78
medial malleolustibial N with
posterior tibial art
79
GTO vs muscle spindle
tension vs length (reflexes)
80
L type Ca+channels present in
all 3 tissues
81
key event before SR calcium release
depolarisation of DHP receptor on t tubule
82
ryanodine receptor present in
reticulum sarcoplasmic (R for R)
83
HIZ
shrinkage, A always same length
84
thin filament has
tropomyosin and actin
85
when myosin detach from actin
when new ATP is bound- locked
| on power stroke, release ADP and Po4
86
AHM is
dark, myosin (Z is darkest)
87
in skeletal muscle, one t tubule has
2 terminal cistern (triad)
88
1 slow red ox
postural muscle
89
smooth muscle contraction
ca- calmodulin complex- myosin light chain kinase
| cGMP- M.L.C phospahte
90
endochondral calcification
cartilage - woven- lamellar
91
woven bone seen in adults
pagets disease and fractures
92
estrogen and bone
biased apoptosis
93
osteoporosis which bone
trabucular, spongy, cancellous
94
denosumab
RANKL
95
priamry osteoporosis levels
ca,po4,PTH normal
96
osteopetrosin which cell
osteoclast (needs acid)
97
osteomalacia which bone
osteoid (blasts are involved)
98
osteitis deformans (pagets) levels
all normal
99
paget histology
mosaic of woven and lamellar
| cement lines
100
paget types and risk
LMS and osteogenic sarcome and heart failure (V sunt)
101
avascualr necrosis of femoral head art
medial circumflex femoral
102
legg carve perthe disease
think leg
| femoral head necrosis in children
103
night time pain
osteoid osteoma
104
giant cell tumor aka and x ray
osteoclastoma, soap bubble, epiphysis benign tumor, aggressive
105
osteochondroma
chondroid cap
106
codeman triangle and sunburst
osteosarcoma
107
onion skin and diaphysis
ewing sarcoma (11:22)
108
pannus and fibrinoid necrosis seen in
RA
109
specific test fro RA
anti-CCP 9Cyclic citrulinated)
110
treatment for RA
methotrexate
111
rhooma never
DIPs
112
sjogren syndrome, antibody adn risk
anti Ro, LA, MALT
113
excretion or production gout
excretion problem (alcohol competition)
114
DOC for gout
allopurinol
115
uricosuric drugs are given only
in excretion problem (not production)
| stone risk
116
pseudogout
calcium pyrophosphate, rhomboid
117
in acute attack of gout CI
probenacid and allopurinol
118
bone secondaries
blastic (sclerotic)- prostate, hodgkins lymphomanand small cell (HSP)
Mixed GIT and breast
119
sausage fingers adn pencil in cup
psoriatic arthritis
120
additional findings in ankylosing spondylitis
uveitis and AR
121
reiter syndrome triad
conjunctivitis, urethritis, arthritis
| chlamydia infection
122
location of osteomyelitis
metaphysis
123
blood picture in SLE
pancytopenia
124
SLE kidney
nephritic- DPGN
| nephrotic- MGN
125
cause of death in SLE
heart
126
anti dsDNA and anti smith
poor prognsis and snRNP
127
3 drugs for SLE
hydralazine, procainamide, isoniazide
128
clotting test in antiphospholipid
increased PTT (VDRL +)
129
ACE levels and sarcoidosis
elevated
130
treatment for sarcoidosis
steroids
131
polymyalgia rheumatica adn CK
normal (muscle unaltered)
132
association of mitochondrial myopathies
myoclonic epilepsy, optic neuropathy, lactic acidosis adn stroke
133
sir jomi
poly and dermatomyositis
SRP,Jo and Mi
Jo= anti histydyl and RNA synthetase
134
skin is peri foural
dermatomyositis, perimyseal, inflammation and CD4 cells
135
skin in dermatomyositis
gottron papules, periorbital rash, shawl and face rash
136
risk of dermatomyositis
occult malignacny
137
proximal muscle weakness
lambert eaton synrome
138
edrophonium and MG
improves
139
digital pitting
scleroderma
140
cause of death in scleroderma
pulmonary vessel involvement (CD4 cells)
141
diffuse scleroderma antibody
Scl- 70 (DNA topoisomerase 1)
| CREST_ anticentromere
142
desmosomes are seen in
spinosum
143
californians like
girls in string bikini
144
tight AK gap
A for adherance and actin adn adherin
| k for desmakula
145
integrins bind to
CFL of absement membrane
| collagen, fibronectin and laminin
146
parakeratosis
nucleus in corneum- psoriasis
147
acantholysis
P vulgaris
148
acanthosis
increased spinosum- nigricans and psoriasis
| granulosum low in psoriasis
149
spongiosis-
eczema, edema
150
albinism mechanism
melanocyte dont make melanin
| decreased tyrosinase activity
151
atopic dermatitis site
cheek, cubital fossa
152
intradermal naevi
papular (no pigment)
153
junctional neavi
```
flat macules (pigment +)
compound papule+. pigment +
```
154
munro abscess and psoriasis
psoriasis
155
rhinophyma
bullous malformation of nose in rosaea (no comedones)
156
leser trelat sign
lot of SK in malignancy
157
Urushiol
hapten in poison ivy (linear streak)
158
honey colored crusting
impetigo (both bacteria)
159
erisipelas
s pyogenes
160
abscess
aureus
161
purple colored skin
necrotizing fascitis
162
SSSS and TEN
TEN in junction (SSSS granulosum)
163
Hairy leukoplakia virus
EBV
164
antibody to desmoglein
vulgaris
165
bullous pemphigoid
strong (nikolsky negative, tense blister)
166
vulgaris- oral mucosa
involved
167
dermatitis herpetiformis which antibody
IgA
168
target lesion in skin
E multiforme
169
more than 10%
TEN
170
SJS vs multiforme
2 mucosal membranes involved in SJS
171
A nigricans
HYPERINSULINEMIA AND malignancy
172
AK is limited and risk
epidermis adn SCC (excessive sun)
173
lichen planus histology
saw tooth infiltrate of lymphocytes at teh junction
174
lichen planus is associated with
Hep C
175
herald patch and x mas tree
p rosea (self resolving)
176
sunburn B for
UVB
177
BSC histology
paliseding nuclei (keratin pearl for SCC)
178
keratacanthoma
SCC that regress
179
skin cancer with chronic draining sinuses
SCC
180
intracranial Hge skin cancer
melanoma
181
melanoma gene
activating BRAF (vemurafenib)
182
membrane phospholipids becomes arachdonic acid by
phospholipase A2 (steroids inhibit)
183
Zileuton vs lukast
5 lipooxygenase inhibitor (synthesis zileuton)
| leukotriene receptor antagonsit
184
cyclic endoperoxidase same as
PGlandins
185
PGI2
decrease vascular tone, decrease aggregation
186
acetaminophen toxicity
hepatic necrosis (NAPQ1 deplets glutathione)
187
N acetylcysteine function
regenerates glutathione
188
SE of aspirin
tinnitus
189
test for aspirin toxicity
ferric chloride test for phenol
190
mechanism of aspirin poisoning
inhibit TCA cycle (1st tachypnea)
191
celecoxib risk
decrease PGI2,ie aggregation
| no effect on TXA2 and platelets
192
why renal ischemia in NSAIDS
PG dilate afferent
193
bisphosphonates are
pyrophosphates analog
bind to hydroxy apatite
inhibit osteoclast
194
SE of bisphosphonate
corrosive esophagitis
| osteonecrosis of jaw
195
teri-para-tide
PTH analog, increase blast activity
196
psoriasis and topical vitamin D
keratinocyte proliferation less
| differentiation more
197
febuxostat
XO inhibitor
198
uricosuric drug
probenecid, sulfinpyrazone
199
colchizine MOA similar to
vincristine/blastine
200
salicylates are CI in
acute gout (reduces UA clearance)
201
TNF a drug
etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab
202
restless leg syndrome treatment
ropinirole (dopamine agonist)
| go for a roll
203
glans penis and skin on posterior calf drains to
deep inguinal
204
PTH first stimulate
blast which RANK L and M CSF to stimulate clasts
205
radial head subluxation damage
deep branch of radial nerve (no sensory defect)
206
N going through P major
femoral N
207
Kal madangi
anterior talo fibular ligament
| which is a lateral ligament
208
piriformis divide
greater scaitic foramen above superior gluteal N
| below inferior and sciatic
209
greater and lesser s foramen
sacrospinous ligament
210
posterior cruciate ligament start
medial condyle of femur (MP)
211
spasmodic torticollis is a type of
focal dystonia
212
appendectomy N
iliohypogastric N
213
interscalene N block risk
phrenic N
214
dislocation of tibia
anterior and posterior
| popliteal art
