Respiratory 1

Question 1

what are the 6 functions of respiratory system

Answer 1

1. provide oxygen and eliminate CO2
2. protects against infection
3. regulates blood pH
4. production of speech
5. olfaction
6. reservoir for blood

Question 2

what makes up the upper airways

Answer 2

nasal and oral cavities, pharynx and larynx

Question 3

true or false - CNS is part of the respiratory system

Answer 3

true - parts that regulate respiration

Question 4

is this structure made of smooth, cartilage, or both

trachea and primary bronchi

Answer 4

C shape cartilage and smooth muscle

Question 5

is this structure made of smooth, cartilage, or both

bronchi

Answer 5

cartilage and smooth muscle

Question 6

is this structure made of smooth, cartilage, or both

bronchioles and terminal bronchioles

Answer 6

smooth muscle

Question 7

which zone is associated with the actual exchange of gas

Answer 7

respiratory zone

Question 8

the ______ zone leads the gas to the gas exchanging region

Answer 8

conducting

Question 9

what is anatomical dead space

Answer 9

no alveoli and no gas exchange

Question 10

which part of the lunch houses the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 10

alveoli

Question 11

which type of cells produce surfactant

Answer 11

type 2 cells

Question 12

what is surfactant

Answer 12

a substance made up of lipoproteins that reduces the surface tension of alveolar fluid

Question 13

true or false - type 1 cells do not divide

Answer 13

true

Question 14

how do type 2 cells act as progenitor cells

Answer 14

when there is injury to type 1 cells, type 2 cells will multiply and become type 1 cells that were lost

Question 15

what can pass through capillaries

Answer 15

red blood cells

Question 16

transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs by _____ (active transport or diffusion)

Answer 16

diffusion

Question 17

which pump muscles help with inspiration

Answer 17

diaphragm -> external intercostals, parasternal

Question 18

which airway muscles help with inspiration

Answer 18

tongue protruders, muscles around airways

Question 19

tongue portruders are also known as

Answer 19

genioglossus

Question 20

what are the accessory muscles in respiration

Answer 20

sternocleidomastoid, scalene and pectoralis

Question 21

which pump muscles help with expiration

Answer 21

abdominal -> internal intercostals

Question 22

define the function of the diaphragm

Answer 22

dome shaped muscle that flattens during inspiration -> increases the volume of the thorax

Question 23

true or false - the external intercostal muscles pull the rib cage downwards

Answer 23

false - they pull the ribs upwards

Question 24

what kind of motion do the external intercostals make

Answer 24

bucket handle motion

Question 25

what do the parasternal intercostal muscles do

Answer 25

contract and pull sternum

Question 26

what are the 4 muscles of expiration

Answer 26

external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominus and transversus abdominus

Question 27

match the function to the accessory muscle

elevates all the ribs

Answer 27

pectoralis

Question 28

match the function to the accessory muscle

raises the sternum

Answer 28

sternocleidomastoid

Question 29

match the function to the accessory muscle

elevates upper ribs

Answer 29

scalenes

Question 30

what does CPAP stand for

Answer 30

continuous positive airway pressure

Question 31

what is the function of ciliated cells

Answer 31

entrap inhaled biological and inert particulates and remove them