GI 5 Flashcards
what is the largest organ of the body
liver
the liver receives __% of the cardiac output
25
how many lobes does the liver have
4
why is it called the portal triad
because it is composed of branches of the hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct
what are the three types of cells found in the liver system
kupffer cells , epithelial cells and endothelial cells
true or false - hepatocytes account for most of the cells in the liver
true
list the 4 MAJOR functions of the liver
- detoxification
- metabolism
- exocrine glands
- production of proteins
list the 6 things found in bile
bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids, trace metals, bilirubin and salts
what is the function of emulsifying agents
prevent droplets from re sticking to each other after emulsification
what are two emulsifying agents mentioned
amphipathic bile acids and phospholipids
what is the name given to a soluble cluster of amphipathic molecules with nonpolar groups inside and polar outside
micelles
how are mixed micelles formed
the combination of phospholipids and products of lipase digestion
what type of cells add HCO3 and water to the bile
bile duct cells
what is the function of the gall bladder
stores and concentrates the bile between meals -> pushes it into the duodenum
_____ secrete bile pigments and bile acids
hepatocytes
what are the 3 steps of bile acid recycling
- bile acids are released by live into duodenum for fat digestion
- bile acids reabsorbed into portal circulation
- bile acids are transported into hepatocytes
true or false - toxins and drugs cannot undergo enterohepatic circulation
false - certain ones can
how is the hepatobiliary secretion regulated
it is regulated by secretin and CCK
what type of cells secrete secretin in the duodenum
S cells
unpack the word cholecystokinin
chole = bile
cysto = bladder
kinin = to move
what type of cells secrete CCK
I cells
what does CCK do
increases contraction of the gallbladder and relaxes the sphincter of Oddi
what is the treatment for gallstones
cholecystectomy and drugs
