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PHYSL 200 > GI 5 > Flashcards

GI 5 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the largest organ of the body

A

liver

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2
Q

the liver receives __% of the cardiac output

A

25

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3
Q

how many lobes does the liver have

A

4

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4
Q

why is it called the portal triad

A

because it is composed of branches of the hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct

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5
Q

what are the three types of cells found in the liver system

A

kupffer cells , epithelial cells and endothelial cells

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6
Q

true or false - hepatocytes account for most of the cells in the liver

A

true

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7
Q

list the 4 MAJOR functions of the liver

A
  1. detoxification
  2. metabolism
  3. exocrine glands
  4. production of proteins
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8
Q

list the 6 things found in bile

A

bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids, trace metals, bilirubin and salts

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9
Q

what is the function of emulsifying agents

A

prevent droplets from re sticking to each other after emulsification

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10
Q

what are two emulsifying agents mentioned

A

amphipathic bile acids and phospholipids

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11
Q

what is the name given to a soluble cluster of amphipathic molecules with nonpolar groups inside and polar outside

A

micelles

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12
Q

how are mixed micelles formed

A

the combination of phospholipids and products of lipase digestion

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13
Q

what type of cells add HCO3 and water to the bile

A

bile duct cells

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14
Q

what is the function of the gall bladder

A

stores and concentrates the bile between meals -> pushes it into the duodenum

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15
Q

_____ secrete bile pigments and bile acids

A

hepatocytes

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16
Q

what are the 3 steps of bile acid recycling

A
  1. bile acids are released by live into duodenum for fat digestion
  2. bile acids reabsorbed into portal circulation
  3. bile acids are transported into hepatocytes
17
Q

true or false - toxins and drugs cannot undergo enterohepatic circulation

A

false - certain ones can

18
Q

how is the hepatobiliary secretion regulated

A

it is regulated by secretin and CCK

19
Q

what type of cells secrete secretin in the duodenum

A

S cells

20
Q

unpack the word cholecystokinin

A

chole = bile
cysto = bladder
kinin = to move

21
Q

what type of cells secrete CCK

A

I cells

22
Q

what does CCK do

A

increases contraction of the gallbladder and relaxes the sphincter of Oddi

23
Q

what is the treatment for gallstones

A

cholecystectomy and drugs

PHYSL 200 (17 decks)

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