Respiration system

Question 1

Why is oxygen needed?

Answer 1

For respiration of cells.

Question 2

Lungs are located in m…

Answer 2

Thorax-the top part of the body. It’s separated from lower part of the body(abdomen) by the diaphragm.

Question 3

Lungs

Answer 3

Big pink sponges protected by rib cage, surrounded by the pleural membranes. The air hours trough trachea, this splits into two tubes bronchi. The bronchi split into smaller tubes called bronchioles. The bronchioles end at small bags called alveoli.

Question 4

Alveoli

Answer 4

Carry out gas exchange in the body. The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries. The blood passing next alveoli contains a lot of carbon dioxide. Oxygen diffuses out of the alveolus into the blood.

Question 5

Ventilating(breathing)

Answer 5

Changing the composition of the air in the lungs maintains s steep concentration gradient for both oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse out and into the blood.

Question 6

Ventilation of the lungs is brought by…

Answer 6

the movement of the ribcage and the diaphragm.

Question 7

To inhale

Answer 7

• the intercostal muscles contract, pulling the ribcage upwards
• at the same time the diaphragm muscles contract, causing the diaphragm to flatten
• this increases the volume of the thorax
• a decrease in pressure, causes the air to get in

Question 8

To exhale

Answer 8

• the intercostal muscles relax, moving the ribcage downwards
• diaphragm relax, allowing it to resume its domed shape
• this reduces the volume of the thorax
• increase in pressure results in the air leaving the lungs

Question 9

Alveoli adaptations

Answer 9

• large surface area
• a rich supply of blood capillaries, maintaining a steep concentration gradient
• the layer of cells between the air and the blood in the capillaries is also very thin