Respiration And Metabolism

Question 1

Respiration

Answer 1

Is the process of transferring energy from glucose which goes on in every cell. The respiration is exothermic.

Question 2

Uses of energy

Answer 2

To build larger molecules from smaller ones
Allow muscles to contract
To keep body temperature steady in colder surroundings
-in plants to build up sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids-then used to make proteins

Question 3

Metabolism

Answer 3

Is all chemical reactions in an organism. In a cell there are lots of chemical reactions happening all the time, controlled by enzymes. In some larger molecules are made, in other, larger molecules are broken down.

Question 4

Aerobic respiration

Answer 4

Using oxygen. Most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose. It happens inside mitochondria. Controlled by enzymes.
Glucose+oxygen=carbon dioxide+water
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 5

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

Happens when there is a lack of oxygen. Controlled by enzymes. It’s the incomplete breakdown of glucose, making lactic acid. It doesn’t transfer as much energy as aerobic.
C6H12O6 → 2C3H6O3

Question 6

Anaerobic respiration in yeast cell is called?

Answer 6

Fermentation

Question 7

Oxygen debt

Answer 7

Amount of extra oxygen your body needs to remove lactic acid from the cells after you stop the exercise. Oxygen reacts with lactic acid to form CO2 and water.

Question 8

Excercise (increased demand for energy)

Answer 8

• the heart rate increase, increasing blood flow to the muscles
• the rate and depth of breath increases
• glycogen stored in the muscles is converted back to the glucose

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

Found also in algal cells. They have a folded inner membrane that provides a large surface area for the enzymes involved in aerobic respiration.

Question 10

Glycogen

Answer 10

Glucose that is stored by muscles. It can be rapidly converted back to glucose.

Question 11

The heart rate and breathing are…

Answer 11

not linked. These two responses are controlled separately as they are two different responses for more glucose and for more oxygen.

Question 12

Anaerobic respiration in plants and some microorganisms (yeast)

Answer 12

Glucose is broken down into ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Question 13

Both types of respirations are controlled…

Answer 13

by enzymes.