Plant Cell Organisation Flashcards
Plant are made of..
Organs like stems, roots and leaves. They work together to make organ systems.
Epidermal tissue
This cover the whole plant. Contains waxy cuticle, which reduce water lose. Upper epidermis is transparent so that light can pass trough to the palisade layer.
Palisade mesophyll tissue
This is the part of the leaf where most of the photosynthesis happens. They are near the top of the lead where they can get most of the light.
Spongy mesophyll tissue
Containing big air spaces to allow gases to diffuse in and out of cells.
Meristem tissue
At growing tips of shoots and roots and contains stem cells so it is able to differentiate, allowing the plant to grow.
Transpiration
- loss of water from the plant
- evaporation starts inside the leaf
- water passes through xylem to replace lost water
Transpiration rate is affected by
Light intensity- the brighter the light, the greater the transpiration rate
Temperature- the warmer it is, the faster the rate is
Air flow- the better the air flow around the leaf, the greater the rate is.(lower concentration of water)
Humidity- the drier the air around the leaf, the greater the rate is
Guard cells
Adapted for gas exchange and controlling water loss within the leaf. Kidney shape which opens and closes stomata. They swell and change their shape, causing the stomata to open.
Transpiration stream
The movement of water from roots through xylem and out of the leaves.
Translocation
The movement of glucose and other molecules through phloem tissue.
What mineral is used to make chlorophyll?
Magnesium ions
Water enters to plant through…
root hair.
What increases the rate of osmosis?
Mineral ions absorbed by the plant makes the inside more concentrated than the soil so more water is absorbed.
Most of the sugars are transported to…
storage organs(potato) and growing regions(shoots)
Uses of water in a plant
- photosynthesis
- dissolved minerals are transported
