Respiration Part 1 Flashcards
What is the magic number for Carbon dioxide?
40
What is the magic number for Oxygen?
100
What muscles are used for expiration?
Abdominal muscles and internal intercostals
What additional muscles are used for inspiration?
External intercostals
SCM
Anterior Serratous
Scaleni
What two ways can the lungs be contracted?
- Elevation and depression of the ribs to increase/decrease the anteroposterior diameter of the chest cavity
- Downward and upward movement of the diaphragm to lengthen or shorten the chest cavity. (normal quiet breathing)
What is the outside membrane of the lungs called ?
Visceral plueral membrane
What is the membrane on the thoracic cavity?
Parietal pleural surface
How can you increase the volume in the chest?
by increasing the diaphragm space
OR
pulling the diaphragm down
What is pleuracy?
The inflammation of the fluid between the 2 layers
What keeps the lungs from collapsing?
Because the fluid between the 2 membranes
There is _____ pressure in the thoracic cavity at rest
low
When the pressure is higher in the atmosphere than in your lungs, how does the air get in your lungs?
through bulk flow, naturally will flow to where there is less pressure by creating more volume aka decreasing the pressure inside your lungs
Muscles that aid inspiration are attached to ?
attached to the ribs
at rest, exhale is ____
passive, very little work needs to be done
During ______ alveolar pressure falls about 1cm of water
inspiration
During ______ the alveolar pressure increased by about 1cm of water
expiration
Recoil pressure is the difference between the ______ pressure and the _____ pressure
alveolar and pleural
_______ is a measure of the elastic forces in the lungs that tend to collapse the lungs at each instant of respiration
recoil pressure
Elastin fibers at rest look like _____, when they expand they look like _____
a zig zag, a straight line
What is ventilation?
When you increase the pressure in your lungs by decreasing the volume, so the pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure and the air flows out of your lungs
What is keeping the lungs from collapsing?
because the fluid between the parietal and visceral membranes has a negative pressure keeping them from collapsing
The tendency for the lungs to want to collapse is described as?
Trans-pulmonary pressure/ recoil pressure
One type of lung disease that is caused by permanent scaring of the alveolar, causes them to get stiff
What is surface tension?
When water forms a surface with air, the water molecules on the surface of the water have a strong attraction for one another