Renal part 1- Exam 3 Flashcards
Name the 7 functions of the kidneys
-Excretion of metabolic waste products and foreign chemicals
- Regulation of water and electrolyte balance
-Regulation of body fluid osmolality and electrolyte concentrations
- Regulation of arterial pressure
-Regulation of acid-base balance
-Regulation of Erythrocyte Production
-Secretion, metabolism, and excretions of hormones
In high altitudes the kidneys will produce ______, which causes what?
erythropoietin, which causes an in RBC which increases the oxygen carrying capacity
Are the kidneys (inside/outside) of the peritoneal cavity?
outside of the peritoneal cavity
What is the indented region of the kidney called?
hilum
What is the arrow pointing to?
the separating the cortex from the medulla
the kidney has _____ renal pyramids
8-10
Where are the nephrons located?
in the renal pyramids
How much blood is going into the kidneys in one minute?
1100 ml/min
The afferent arterioles leads where?
to the glomerulus
What are the two capillary beds of the kidney?
the glomerulus and peritubular capillaries
How does the kidney change the rate of filtration?
by changing the diameter of the afferent and efferent arterioles
What kind of capillary is associated with high hydrostatic pressure causes rapid fluid filtration
Glomerular capillaries
What kind of capillary is associated with low hydrostatic pressure permits rapid fluid reabsorption
Peritubular capillaries
Nephrons tends to decrease with ____
age
total glomerulus is encased in _____
Bowman’s Capsule
Fluid filtered from the ______ flows into ______ and then into the (proximal/distal) tubule which lies in the cortex of the kidney
glomerular capillaries
Bowman’s capsule
proximal
What things in the blood do NOT get filtered?
large proteins, RBC and albumin
What is the filtrate composed of?
plasma minus the proteins in your blood
Where is the majority of the work of that is being accomplished completed in the kidneys?
Proximal convoluted tubules
The loop of Henle: the ascending limb is (thick/thin)
both, has a thick and thin segment
The loop of Henle: the descending limb is (thick/thin)
thinner
The loop of Henle is found in the cortex or medulla?
Medulla
The cortex tubes are (thicker/thinner) than the tubes of the medulla?
thicker
At the end of the thick ascending limb is a short segment that has in its wall a plaque of specialized epithelial cell, known as the _____
macula densa