Gastro part 1- Exam 3 Flashcards
_____ is food type product that you cannot digest
fiber
What is the myenteric plexus involved with?
GI movements
What is the submucosal plexus involved with?
GI secretions and local blood flow
What are the two divisions of the parasympathetic nerves that supply the GI system?
Cranial and Sacral
The cranial division of the parasympathetic supplies what organs?
Esophagus
Stomach
Pancreas
first half of the large intestine
What organs does the sacral division of the parasympathetics control?
2nd, 3rd and 4th sacral segments
distal half of the large intestine to the anus
Acetylocholine (inhibits/excites) the GI activity?
excites
Norepinephrine (inhibits/excites) the GI activity?
inhibits
protein level increases, what will gastrin do?
gastrin will also increase
T/F: Gastrin is secreted into the stomach
FALSE, gastrin is secreted into the BLOOD
What macromolecule do we need to associate gastrin with?
protein
What macromolecule do we need to associate CCK with?
fat
Pancreas has an enzyme specific to ____, _____ and _____
proteins, carbs and fat
CCK causes a release of ____ in the duodenum that causes the pH to increase
bicarb
What is the effect of CCK on the gallbladder? What happens next?
causes the gallbladder to contract, dumps bile salts which will break down fat globs into smaller chunks that the pancreatic enzymes can attach to
What is the effect of CCK on the stomach?
CCK inhibits gastric emptying time, slows the stomach down
_____ and ____ slow down gastric empty
protein and fat
What is the first hormone discovered?
secretin
Secretin is associated with ?
acid
_____ secreted by chief cells in the stomach helps break down protein
pepsinogen
Is pepsinogen by itself active?
No, needs HCl to activate it into pepsin that breaks down proteins
_____ secretion is high if the acid is high
pepsin
GIP is secreted with ___, ____ and ____ is eaten
proteins, carbs, fats
What are the two functions of GIP?
stimulates insulin release
inhibits gastric acid secretion
What is the responsibility of Motilin?
stimulates movement of food down the alimentary tract
What is the function of ghrelin?
makes you want to go eat, “hunger hormone”
_____ is the basic propulsive movement of the GI tract
peristalsis
when a persistaltic contraction happens but the contents are blocked by a sphincter, what happens?
a churning motions, results in chopping and shearing motions
___ and ____ are the majority nutrients commonly found in the hepatic portal system
Protein and carbs
Where are the fats absorbed?
by the lymphatic system, bypasses the liver on first pass
All the liver lobules empty _______?
at the central vein
The central vein drains into _____
inferior vena cava
The liver lobule is compose of many liver ______
cellular plates
Where is cholesterol produced?
in the liver
T/F: Cholesterol is a function of the genetics of the liver
True, lifestyles changes sometimes have no effect and it is all genetic
