Gastro part 1- Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is food type product that you cannot digest

A

fiber

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2
Q

What is the myenteric plexus involved with?

A

GI movements

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3
Q

What is the submucosal plexus involved with?

A

GI secretions and local blood flow

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4
Q

What are the two divisions of the parasympathetic nerves that supply the GI system?

A

Cranial and Sacral

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5
Q

The cranial division of the parasympathetic supplies what organs?

A

Esophagus
Stomach
Pancreas
first half of the large intestine

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6
Q

What organs does the sacral division of the parasympathetics control?

A

2nd, 3rd and 4th sacral segments

distal half of the large intestine to the anus

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7
Q

Acetylocholine (inhibits/excites) the GI activity?

A

excites

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8
Q

Norepinephrine (inhibits/excites) the GI activity?

A

inhibits

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9
Q

protein level increases, what will gastrin do?

A

gastrin will also increase

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10
Q

T/F: Gastrin is secreted into the stomach

A

FALSE, gastrin is secreted into the BLOOD

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11
Q

What macromolecule do we need to associate gastrin with?

A

protein

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12
Q

What macromolecule do we need to associate CCK with?

A

fat

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13
Q

Pancreas has an enzyme specific to ____, _____ and _____

A

proteins, carbs and fat

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14
Q

CCK causes a release of ____ in the duodenum that causes the pH to increase

A

bicarb

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15
Q

What is the effect of CCK on the gallbladder? What happens next?

A

causes the gallbladder to contract, dumps bile salts which will break down fat globs into smaller chunks that the pancreatic enzymes can attach to

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16
Q

What is the effect of CCK on the stomach?

A

CCK inhibits gastric emptying time, slows the stomach down

17
Q

_____ and ____ slow down gastric empty

A

protein and fat

18
Q

What is the first hormone discovered?

19
Q

Secretin is associated with ?

20
Q

_____ secreted by chief cells in the stomach helps break down protein

A

pepsinogen

21
Q

Is pepsinogen by itself active?

A

No, needs HCl to activate it into pepsin that breaks down proteins

22
Q

_____ secretion is high if the acid is high

23
Q

GIP is secreted with ___, ____ and ____ is eaten

A

proteins, carbs, fats

24
Q

What are the two functions of GIP?

A

stimulates insulin release
inhibits gastric acid secretion

25
What is the responsibility of Motilin?
stimulates movement of food down the alimentary tract
26
What is the function of ghrelin?
makes you want to go eat, "hunger hormone"
27
_____ is the basic propulsive movement of the GI tract
peristalsis
28
when a persistaltic contraction happens but the contents are blocked by a sphincter, what happens?
a churning motions, results in chopping and shearing motions
29
___ and ____ are the majority nutrients commonly found in the hepatic portal system
Protein and carbs
30
Where are the fats absorbed?
by the lymphatic system, bypasses the liver on first pass
31
All the liver lobules empty _______?
at the central vein
32
The central vein drains into _____
inferior vena cava
33
The liver lobule is compose of many liver ______
cellular plates
34
Where is cholesterol produced?
in the liver
35
T/F: Cholesterol is a function of the genetics of the liver
True, lifestyles changes sometimes have no effect and it is all genetic
36