Nervous System Flashcards
Creatine supplementation is at what dose and frequency
5 grams qid
Name some side effects of creatine supplementation
Gain some water weight and has a dehydrating effect
Glycolyosis involves breakdown down glucose into what 2 molecules
Lactic acid and Pyruvate
Net ATP from 1 glucose molecule, where is the majority of the ATP produced?
32 ATP, Electron Transport Chain
______ is what it takes to increase the temperature by one degree
Calorie
What is triglyceride composed of?
Glycerole and 3 Fatty Acids
How do fat cells get bigger?
Increased number of fatty acids present
_____ is used when carbohydrates are not available for brain energy while on a Keto diet
Acetyle Co Enzyme A
What organ combines two molecules of Acetyle Co Enzyme A to make a carbohydrate while on a Keto diet
the liver
Describe Ketoacidiosis
When the liver breaks down fat for fuel, it produces ketones. Ketones are then released leading to an overall increase of ketones in the blood. Has an associated fruity smell
What is a ketone
2- Acetyle Co Enzyme A
Described equilibrium point
When the concentration gradient forces equals the electric repulsive force
Potassium (K+) is high ______ and ____ outside
Inside the membrane, low outside the membrane
Sodium (Na+) is _____ on the inside
Low
Sodium rushes inside the cell is polarization or depolarization
Depolarization
When you are looking at a gradient with Potassium by itself, and the potassium leaves the cell, what is the electronegativity?
-94mV
Talking about putting probes to test the electronegativity, where do we put them? Inside or outside the cell
Inside the cell always
When you are looking at a gradient with Sodium by itself, and the Sodium comes into the cell, what is the electronegativity?
+61mV
Describe polarization in terms of diffusion potentials
Positive on the outside, negative on the inside
Describe diffusion potential
the potential difference between the inside and outside
Why will K+ never reach it’s chemical equilibrium?
because at -94mv there is enough charge repulsion to prevent futher movement of K+ to the outside. Negative attraction of the phosphate ions and negatively charged side chains
The Nernst Equation is looking at (one or many) types of molecules. Inside or outside the membrane?
ONE type, INSIDE
What is the Nernst Equation:
+/- 61 * log (concentration Inside/ concentration Outside)
Nernst Equation: The answer will be _____ if the ion diffusing from the inside to the outside is a negative ion
Positive