Respiration: Electron Transfer Chain Flashcards
How is ATP synthesised in the electron transfer chain?
Electrons are passed along the electron transfer chain releasing energy by forming ATP from ADP + Pi.
What is the electron transport chain?
A series of carrier proteins attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane.
What is allowed to occur because of the energy released?
The hydrogen ions to be pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
What results in the production of ATP?
The flow of hydrogen ions back through the membrane protein ATP synthase.
How is water formed?
By hydrogen ions and electrons combining with oxygen.
How is ATP used?
To transfer energy to cellular processes which require energy.
What is the first process to occur in the electron transfer chain?
NADH from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle release high-energy electrons and pass them to the electron transfer chain.
When do the electrons release energy?
As they flow along a chain of electron acceptors.
How is the energy released by the electrons used?
To pump hydrogen ions across the membrane from the matrix side to the intermembrane space to maintain a higher concentration of ions.
What happens in the absence of oxygen?
The electron transfer chains do not occur and ATP is not made at this stage.
