Respiration

Question 1

What are the 4 parameters of breathing that should be included in assessment?

Answer 1

1. Rate
2. Rhythm
3. Depth
4. Character

Question 2

What is normal respiratory rate for….

1. Newborn
2. 1 year
3. 10 years
4. adult

Answer 2

1. Newborn: 33-45 breaths/min
2. 1 year: 25-35 breaths/min
3. 10 years: 15-20 breaths/min
4. adult: 12-20 breaths/min

Question 3

What is the normal inspiration to expiration ratio?

In COPD?

Answer 3

normal inspiration is half as long as expiration. 1:2

COPD: longer expiration phase. 1:3 or 1:4

Question 4

What is the absence of spontaneous breathing?

Answer 4

apnea

Question 5

what is irregular breathing with breaths varying in depth and rate with periods of apnea?

What is it associated with? (2)

Answer 5

Biot’s

Associated with increased intracranial pressure or damage to the medulla

Question 6

What is decreasing rate and depth of breathing with periods of apnea?

what can cause it?

Answer 6

Cheyne-Stoke

Can occur due to central nervous system damage

Question 7

What is slower than normal respiratory rate? <12 breaths/minute in adults

Answer 7

Bradypnea

Question 8

What is a normal rate and depth of breathing?

Answer 8

Eupnea

Question 9

What is increased rate and depth of breathing?

Answer 9

Hyperpnea

Question 10

What is decreased rate and depth of breathing?

Answer 10

Hypopnea

Question 11

What is deep and fast breathing?

What is often associated with?

Answer 11

Kussmaul;s

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

Question 12

What happens during paradoxical breathing?

Causes?

Answer 12

chest wall moves in with inhalation and out with exhalation

due to trauma or paralysis of diaphragm