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NPTE - Cardiopulm > Lung Volumes/Capacities and Pulmonary Function Tests > Flashcards

Lung Volumes/Capacities and Pulmonary Function Tests Flashcards

1
Q

What is the volume of air that occupies the non-respiratory conducting airways?

A

Anatomic Dead Space

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2
Q

What is the maximal volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal tidal exhalation?

What percent of total lung volume?

A

Expiratory Reserve Volume

15% of total lung volume

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3
Q

What is the maximal volume of air exhaled in a specified period of time (1st, 2nd, 3rd second)?

A

Force Expiratory Volume

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4
Q

What is the volume of air expired during a forced maximal expiration after a force maximal inspiration?

A

Forced Vital Capacity

FVC = TV + IRV + ERV

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5
Q

What is teh volume o fair in the lungs after normal exhalation?

What percent of total lung volume?

A

Functional Residual Capacity

40% of total lung volume

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6
Q

What is the maximal amount of air that can be inspired after normal tidal volume inspiration?

What percent of lung volume?

A

Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

IC = TV + IRV

60% of total lung volume

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7
Q

What is the maximal volume of air that can be inspired after a normal tidal volume inspiration?

Total lung volume percent?

A

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

50% of total lung volume

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8
Q

What is the volume of air expired in one minute and how is calculated?

A

Minute Ventilation Volume

VE = TV x RR(respiratory rate)

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9
Q

What is the maximum flow of air during the beginning of a forced expiratory manuever?

A

Peak Expiratory flow

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10
Q

What is the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal expiration?

What percent of total lung volume?

A

Residual Volume

25% of total lung volume

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11
Q

What is the total volume inspired and expired each breath during normal quiet breathing

what percent of lung volume?

A

tidal volume

10% of total lung volume

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12
Q

What is the volume of air in lungs after a maximal inspiration?

A

total lung volume

100%

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13
Q

What is the volume change that occurs between max inspiration and max expiration?

What percent of total lung volume?

A

Vital Capacity

75% of total lung volume

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14
Q

What percent of total lung volume is?

  1. ERV
  2. IRV
  3. FRC
  4. VC
  5. RV
  6. IC
  7. TV
  8. TLC
A
  1. ERV: 15
  2. IRV: 50
  3. FRC: 40
  4. VC: 75
  5. RV: 25
  6. IC: 60
  7. TV: 10
  8. TLC : 100
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15
Q

how is functional residual capacity calculated?

A

FRC = ERV + RV

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16
Q

how is inspiratory capacity calculated?

A

IC = TV + IRV

17
Q

How is total lung capacity calculated?

A

TLC = RV + VC
OR
TLC = FRC + IC

18
Q

How is vital capacity calculated?

A

VC = TV + IRV + ERV

19
Q

Label all of the following on a Spirogram

  1. ERV
  2. IRV
  3. FRC
  4. VC
  5. RV
  6. IC
  7. TV
  8. TLC
A

pg. 399

20
Q

What type of testing measures the volume or flow of air during inhalation and expiration and includes measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) etc?

A

Pulmonary Function Tests

21
Q

Subjects exhale for how long with pulmonary function tests?

A

6 seconds

22
Q

Obstructive ventilatory impairments are observed with the following changes to…

  1. expiratory flows
  2. FEV1/FVC
  3. max air flow compared to max volume displaced from lungs
A
  1. decreased expiratory flow
  2. FEV1/FVC < 70%
  3. disproportionate reduction of max air flow compared to max volume displaced from lungs
23
Q

What are 3 pathologies associated with obstructive ventilatory impairments?

A
  1. Asthma
  2. Emphysema
  3. chronic bronchitis
24
Q

Restrictive ventilatory impairment is characterized by what….

  1. lung volumes and expiratory flow rates
  2. FVC and FEV1/FVC
A
  1. reduced lung volumes (TLC, RVC, and FEV1) and normal expiratory flow rates
  2. FVC is reduced and FEV1/FVC is normal or >80%
25
Q

What pathologies include restrictive lung disease?

A

Interstitial lung disease, pleural diseases, chest wall deformities, obesity, pregnancy, neuromuscular disease, tumor

NPTE - Cardiopulm (22 decks)

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