Medical Procedures Flashcards
What is surgical procedure similar to an angioplasty except that the catheter has a rotating shaver to cut away plaque from the artery and increase blood flow?
Atherectomy
Surgically implanted device similar to a pacemaker that continuously monitors heart rhythm and delivers electrical shocks to restore a normal heart rhythm when necessary?
Automatic Implantable Cardioverter-Difibrillator (AICD)
involves temporarily inserting a small balloon tipped catheter into a stenotic artery and expanding the baloon at the side of the blockage to help widen a narrow artery?
Balloon Angioplasty
A balloon angioplasty is usually combined with implantation of a small metal coil called what?
stent
Surgical procedure uses cardiac catheterization to treat stenotic heart valves. The balloon tipped catheter is threaded through the veins to the faulty heart valve, then inflated to open the narrowed valve to increase blood flow
Ballon Valvuloplasty
What does a balloon valvuloplasty treat?
stenontic valves
Surgical procedure using radio frequencies or chemicals to destroy areas of the myocardium that are causing arrhythmias?
Cardiac Ablation
surgically implanted battery-powered device placed under the skin?
Cardiac Pacemaker
What two things are cardiac pacemakers the standard treatment for?
Slow heart rate and arrhythmias
what is done to restore normal heart rhythm for tachyarrhythmais that do not respond to medicaiton? done via electric shocks delivered by a defibrillator
cardioversion
performed to treat coronary arteries that are narrowed or occluded in attempt to revascularize the myocardium?
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)
What are the 3 vessels potentially used with CABG?
- saphenous vein
- internal thoracic/mammary artery
- radial artery
noninvasive procedure in which inflation of pressure cuffs on the lower extremities compresses veins and assists with venous return to the heart?
Enhanced Extracorporeal Counterpulsation (EECP)
inflation and deflation of a baloon surgically placed in the aorta provides circulatory assistance for patients after infarction or with cardiogenic shock?
Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP)
What does an RVAD attach and bypass?
attaches R atrium to pulmonary artery
bypasses the R ventricle
what does an LVAD bypass?
left ventricle
What two tubes allow for mechanical ventilation?
Endotracheal tube and tracheostomy tube
Surgical procedure in which one or more of the large air spaces called bullae that form when alveoli are destoryed by emphysema are removed?
Bullectomy
Why would a bullectomy be performed?
improve breathing for someone with emphysema
Surgical procedure in which a portion of lung tissue damaged by emphysema is removed?
Lung Volume Reduction Surgery
Mechanical ventillation provides what type of pressure to deliver air to the lungs?
positive pressure
Surgical incision cutting the chest wall for access to heart, great vessels, esophagus, and diaphragm for diagnostic and therapuetic purposes?
Thoracotomy
Surgically created hole through the neck through the trachea to level of the vocal cords
Tracheostomy
What are the two main indications for a tracheostomy?
airway obstruction at/above the level of the larynx
and
respiratory failure
