Airway Clearance Techniques

Question 1

What are the 3 components of the Active Cycle of Breathing?

What is it used for?

Answer 1

1. Breathing Control
2. Thoracic Expansion Exercise
3. Forced Expiratory Technique

assist secretion clearance in patients with asthma

Question 2

What technique is theorized to improve airflow in small airways to facilitate movement of mucus without using postural drainage positions or coughing?

Answer 2

Autogenic Drainage (AD)

Question 3

What are the 3 phases of Autogenic Drainage and how long is the average treatment?

Answer 3

1. Unsticking Phase
2. Collecting Phase
3. Evacuating Phase

Average 45 minutes

Question 4

What individuals should NOT use Autogenic Drainage?

Answer 4

young children and patients not motivated or easily distracted because it requires PATIENCE TO LEARN

Question 5

What is the definition of huffing?

Answer 5

Forced expiratory maneuver performed with the glottis OPEN

Question 6

How is the glottis positioned with a cough vs a huff?

Answer 6

Cough: contract expiratory muscles against the closed glottis

Huff: open glottis say “HA, ha, ha”

Question 7

What are two brand names of handheld devices that combine positive expiratory pressure and high frequency airway vibrations to mobilization mucus secretions in airways?

Answer 7

Acapella and Flutter

high-frequency airway oscillation technique

Question 8

Acapella and Flutter are two devices used with what technique?

Answer 8

High-frequency airway oscillation

Question 9

What are two other words used for Percussion?

Answer 9

cupping and clapping

Question 10

How long is each position maintained with postural drainage?

Answer 10

two to three minutes

Question 11

Manual vibration should be performed during what part of the breathing cycle?

Answer 11

exhalation

Question 12

What is the position for the apical segments of the right and left upper lobes?

Answer 12

sitting leaning pack 30-40 degrees

percussion and vibration performed above clavicles

Question 13

What are the positionS for posterior segment of right upper lobe and posterior segment of left upper lobe?

Answer 13

Right upper lobe: turned 1/4 from prone on the left side on level bed (laying completely on left side)

Left upper lobe: turned 1/4 from prone on right side with HOB elevated 45 degrees

Percussion and vibration applied around the medial boarder of scapula

Question 14

What lung has the lingula?

Answer 14

LEFT LUNG

LEFT –> LINGULA (PART OF UPPER LOBE)

LEFT LUNG ONLY HAS 2 LOBES

Question 15

Position for Lingula?

Answer 15

Lingula is part of the LEFT UPPER LOBE (only 2 lobes on left)

patient turned 1/4 from supine on right side with foot of bed elevated 12 inches

Percussion and vibration over the left chest between axilla and left nipple

Question 16

Position for ANTERIOR segments of right and left upper lobes?

Answer 16

patient supine on horizontal bed

Percussion and vibration below the clavicles

Question 17

Position for right middle lobe?

Answer 17

NO MIDDLE LOBE ON LEFT

Patient turned 1/4 from supine on left side with foot of bed elevated 12 inches

Percussion and vibration applied over right chest between axilla and right nipple

Question 18

Position for superior segments left and right LOWER lobes?

Answer 18

patient prone with horizontal bed

percussion and vibration performed below inferior border of left and right scapulae

Question 19

Postion for anterior basal segments of left and right lower lobes?

Answer 19

supine with foot of bed elevated 18 inches

percussion and vibration performed over teh lower ribs on left and right side

Question 20

Position for posterior basal segments lobes?

Answer 20

prone with foot of bed elevated 18 inches?

Percussion and vibration over lower ribs on left and right side of chest

Question 21

Position for lateral basal segments of lower lobes of left and right lower lobes?

Answer 21

Patient in sidelying with foot of bed elevated 18 inches

percussion and vibration over lower ribs

lay on side opposite the lung you are percussing

Question 22

What is the height of the bed for anterior, posterior, and lateral basel segments of the right and left lower lobes? Where is percussion applied?

Answer 22

foot of bed is elevated 18 inches

Percussion is over the lower ribs

Question 23

What is the only segment where the head of the bed is elevated?

Answer 23

posterior segment of the left upper lobe

head of bed elevated 45 degrees with patient turned 1/4 from prone on right side

Question 24

How do the positions for the lingula of the left upper lobe and right middle lobe compare?

Answer 24

Lingula of left upper lobe: 1/4 from supine on right side with foot of bed elevated 12 inches

Right Middle Lobe: 1/4 from supine on left side with foot of bed elevated 12 inches

Question 25

When is vibration done during the percussion and vibration treatment? When should the patient be encouraged to cough?

Answer 25

Vibration done after 2-3 minutes of percussion. Vibration done during EXPIRATION

Encourage patient to cuff or hoff after two or three vibrations