Heart Sounds Flashcards
Where are the 4 areas for ausculatation of heart sounds?
- Aortic area
- pulmonic area
- mitral area
- tricuspid area
Where do you auscultate the aortic area?
2nd intercostal space at RIGHT sternal border
Where do you auscultate the pulmonic area?
2nd intercostal space at the left sternal border
Where do you auscultate the mitral area?
5th intercostal space midclavicular line
Where do you auscultate the tricuspid area?
4th intercostal space at left sternal border
What does the S1 sound indicate?
CLOSURE of mitral and tricuspid valves at onset of VENTRICULAR systole
S1 and S2 are both caused by CLOSURE of valves
What does S2 sound indicate?
CLOSURE of aortic and semilunar (pulmonary) valves with onset of VENTRICULAR diastole
S1 and S2 are both caused by CLOSURE of valves
What does S3 sound correspond to?
vibrations of distended ventricle walls due to passive flow of blood from atria during rapid filling phase of diastole
When is S3 normal vs. abnormal?
Normal: young children
Abnormal: heart failure, “ventricular gallop”
what is a pathological S3 sound called?
Ventricular Gallop
When is S4 heard in normal vs. abnormal?
normal: NEVER
abnormal: HTN, stenosis, hypertensive heart disease, or MI
What is S4 AKA?
Atrial Gallop
What does S4 indicate?
pathological sound of vibration of ventricular wall with ventricular filling and atrial contraction
What are 2 causes of heart murmors?
disruption of blood flow past stenotic or regurgitant valves??
What makes a high frequency and high pitched sound?
S2
