Respiration Flashcards by S F

What is breathing?

The movement of air coming in and out of the lungs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is respiration?

The chemical reaction that releases energy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does anaerobic mean?

Without oxygen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Where does the reaction take place during respiration?

Mitochondria in the cells in our body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the waste products produced during respiration?

Carbon dioxide

Water

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When does aerobic respiration happen?

All the time

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What substrates are used for respiration?

Glucose

Sometimes fats and amino acids

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a substrate?

The place on which and enzyme acts

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What do we use energy from aerobic respiration for?

Movement

Maintaining body temperature

Building large molecules from smaller molecules

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Is respiration endothermic or exothermic?

Exothermic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How do mitochondria provide an increased surface area for the enzymes involved in respiration?

They have a FOLDED MEMBRANE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Why is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Glucose + oxygen ———> water + carbon dioxide ( + energy)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6O2 ———> 6H2O + 6CO2

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Why is aerobic respiration slower than anaerobic respiration?

It has more steps

Requires more enzymes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How can we test if carbon dioxide is produced during respiration?

Blow through straw into limewater

If present limewater goes cloudy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How can we test is water is produced during respiration?

1) blow on mirror so it gets condensation on it

2) breath on cobalt chloride paper so it goes from BLUE TO PINK

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How can we test if heat is produced during respiration?

Put one dead and one alive bean in separate cans

Love one will respire

Can will heat up for live bean but not dead bean

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When does anaerobic respiration take place in animals?

When their is not enough oxygen or none at all so oxidation of glucose is incomplete

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What substrates are used in anaerobic respiration?

Only glucose

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Where doe anaerobic respiration take place?

In cytoplasm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

Glucose ——> lactic acid (+energy)

Why is anaerobic respiration faster than aerobic respiration?

Requires less enzymes so has less steps

How much energy does anaerobic respiration release compared to aerobic respiration?

Less as it is INCOMPLETE OXIDATION

What can build up of lactic acid cause?

Muscle fatigue

Cramps

What does oxygen debt mean?

The amount of oxygen needed to break down the lactic acid

How does the body deal with excess lactic acid produced from anaerobic respiration?

Blood takes it back to liver from muscles to convert it back to glucose

Why does breathing remain high after exercise?

To supply extra oxygen

Lactic acid + oxygen —>

Carbon dioxide + water

When does anaerobic respiration take place in plants and yeast?

I’m when they are in water logged soil so can’t get enough oxygen

What can anaerobic respiration be used for in plants and yeast?

Making bread Brewing alcohol Also called FERMENTATION

Why is anaerobic respiration not sustainable on plants and yeast?

Ethanol levels build up and eventually kill the cell

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?

Glucose ——> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+energy)

Why do muscles become fatigued during exercise?

Lactic acid produce during anaerobic respiration can stop muscles contracting efficiently

What are muscles made from?

Protein fibres

What is glycogen?

The carbohydrate store in animals

How is glycogen used by muscles during exercise?

Converted to glucose to supply cells with fuel for increased cellular respiration to release more energy

How to muscle contractions change during exercise?

Contract harder and faster

How do glycogen Stores change during exercise?

They decrease

How does heat rate change during exercise?

Increases

How do the arteries supplying muscles with blood change during exercise?

Dilated or widen

How does breathing rate change during exercise?

Increases

How does depth of breathing change during exercise?

Breathe more deeply

How does the volume of the heart change as a result of long term exercise?

Higher

How does the volume of blood pumped by each heart beat change as a result of long term exercise?

More is pumped around

How does the resting heart rate change as a result of long term exercise?

Lower

How does the maximum lung volume change as a result of long term exercise?

Increases

How does the testing breathing rate change as a result of long term exercise?

Lower

What is metabolism?

The sum of all of the chemical reactions that take place in a cell or in a body

What do metabolic reactions do?

Build up or break down molecules Bring about a change and movement when needed

What is the liver?

A very active organ with many metabolic functions

What are the functions of the liver (5)?

Making bile Converting lactic acid to glucose Storing iron from old cells to make more blood cells Detoxifying poisonous substances Passing breakdown products to blood to be excreted