Non-communicable Diseases

Question 1

What does infectious mean?

Answer 1

It is caused by pathogens

Question 2

What could cause a mental disease?

Answer 2

Chemical imbalances in the brain

Question 3

What is an inherited illness?

Answer 3

Conditions people are born with as a result of their genes

Question 4

What is a deficiency disease caused by?

Answer 4

Lack of vitamins or minerals in the diet

Question 5

What are the categories of diseases/illnesses?

Answer 5

Infectious

Mental

Physical

Inherited

Deficiency

Question 6

What factors affect health?

Answer 6

Non - communicable diseases

Communicable diseases

Diet

Stress

Life situations

Question 7

What is the definition of health?

Answer 7

A state of physical and mental well-being, not just an absence of disease

Question 8

Examples of a mental illness?

Answer 8

Schizophrenia

Depression

Question 9

Examples of an infectious disease?

Answer 9

Chicken pox

Flu

Question 10

Examples of a physical Illness?

Answer 10

Pneumonia

Fever

Heart failure

Paralysis

Question 11

Examples of a genetic disease?

Answer 11

Down syndrome

Cystic fibrosis

Question 12

Examples of an deficiency disease?

Answer 12

Scurvy

Anaemia

Leukaemia

Question 13

What is a NON-COMMUNICABLE disease?

Answer 13

Disease that are not infectious and cannot be passed from one organism to another

Question 14

What is a risk factor?

Answer 14

A variable associated with an increased chance of disease or infection

Eg genetics, age,diet etc

Question 15

What is a correlation?

Answer 15

A link or relation between to factors

Question 16

What is a causal relationship?

Answer 16

A change in one variable that results from or is caused by a change in another variable

Question 17

What is obesity?

Answer 17

When a person accumulates excess body fat an d has a BMI of 30 or higher

Question 18

What could cause obesity?

Answer 18

No exercise

Unbalanced diet

Medical conditions

Question 19

What health problem are associated with obesity?

Answer 19

Diabetes

Cholesterol

Heart attack

Stroke

Joint problems

Question 20

What is high blood pressure?

Answer 20

When there is high blood pressure in the arteries in the brain which can burst and cause brain damage

Question 21

What does heart disease increase the risk of?

Answer 21

Getting a heart attack

Question 22

When does someone get diabetes?

Answer 22

When liver cells cannot control blood glucose levels

Question 23

Why do we need cholesterol?

Answer 23

For your cell membranes to make vital hormone

Question 24

Are saturated fats good or bad?

Answer 24

Bad -

Long fatty chains stop lipids from dissolving in water

They build up in artery walls

Question 25

Are unsaturated fats good or bad?

Answer 25

Good - Don’t clog up arteries Help reduce cholesterol levels in blood Increase proportion of HDLs compared to LDLs

Question 26

Are low density lipoproteins (LDLs) good or bad?

Answer 26

Bad - Lead to fat building up on artery walls which could cause heart disease

Question 27

Are high density lipoproteins (HDLs) good or bad?

Answer 27

Good - Help stop fat building up in the arteries

Question 28

What do LDLs do?

Answer 28

Carry cholesterol from the liver to the cells

Question 29

What do HDLs do?

Answer 29

Carry excess cholesterol back to liver

Question 30

Some benefits of exercise?

Answer 30

Burns calories Release endorphins Increases lung capacity Stronger heart Higher metabolic rate Less chance of cardiovascular diseases Less chance of diabetes and heart disease

Question 31

What are some risks involved with lack of exercise?

Answer 31

Overweight Low lung capacity Arthritis Sadness High blood pressure Unhealthy heart

Question 32

BMI =

Answer 32

Mass (kg) / height ^2 (m)

Question 33

ENERGY / NUTRITION CONTENT =

Answer 33

(Value per 100g x mass of food) / 100

Question 34

PERCENTAGE PF GDA =

Answer 34

(Energy / nutrient content x 100) / GDA

Question 35

What are the seven good groups?

Answer 35

Water Carbohydrates Lipids / fats Proteins Mineral salts Vitamins Dietary fibre/ rouphage

Question 36

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 36

A diet composed of the right amount of the SEVEN FOOD GROUPS in the CORRECT PROPORTIONS

Question 37

What is malnutrition?

Answer 37

When the body doesn’t get a balanced diet needed to remain healthy

Question 38

How can you become malnourished?

Answer 38

Eat too much Eat too little Don’t eat in the correct proportions

Question 39

What disease is caused by lack of protein?

Answer 39

kwashiorkor

Question 40

What disease is caused by lack of iron?

Answer 40

Anaemia

Question 41

What disease is caused by lack of vitamin C?

Answer 41

Scurvy

Question 42

What disease can be caused by lack of vitamin D?

Answer 42

Rickets

Question 43

What disease can be caused be lack of vitamin A?

Answer 43

Night blindness

Question 44

What do sugars from carbohydrates do in the body?

Answer 44

Provide energy Build micro molecules

Question 45

What does starch from carbohydrates do in our body?

Answer 45

Store energy

Question 46

What do proteins do in our body?

Answer 46

Repair tissues Make enzymes and hormones

Question 47

What do fats do in our body?

Answer 47

Store energy Insulation Protect vital organs

Question 48

What does fibre do in our body?

Answer 48

Absorbs poisonous waste Prevents constipation Aids food passage

Question 49

What do vitamins do in our body?

Answer 49

Produce energy Protect cells Guide mineral usage Vitamin A helps eyesight Vitamin B reduces stress

Question 50

What do minerals do in our body?

Answer 50

Builds strong bones, teeth, hair, blood, skin Helps with metabolic processes

Question 51

What does water do in our body?

Answer 51

Stops dehydration Regulates body temperature Water in sweat cools us Where reaction happen Takes waste chemical out

Question 52

What is a tumour?

Answer 52

A mass of abnormally growing cells that forms when the cells do not respond to the normal mechanisms that control growth and when CONTROL OF THE CELL CYCLE IS LOST

Question 53

What are BENIGN TUMOURS?

Answer 53

Do not invade other parts of body Can be life threatening Can grow very quickly Could harm organs Can kill someone

Question 54

What are MALIGNANT TUMOURS?

Answer 54

Invades neighbouring healthy tissues Spread around the body Difficult to treat Live longer than normal cells

Question 55

What does mutation mean?

Answer 55

A change in the genetic material of an organism

Question 56

What can cause cancer (and mutations)?

Answer 56

Inheritance - inherit cancerous genes Carcinogenic chemicals - such as asbestos and tar in cigarettes Ionising radiation - UV light and x-rays Viruses -

Question 57

How does radiotherapy work?

Answer 57

Destroy the cancerous cells

Question 58

How does chemotherapy work?

Answer 58

Chemicals used to stop cancer cells dividing or to make them self destruct

Question 59

What is a drug?

Answer 59

A substance that alters the way your body works by changing the chemical processes in the body

Question 60

What does dependent mean?

Answer 60

When your body needs a drug to function properly

Question 61

What for addicted mean?

Answer 61

When you feel a craving for a drug

Question 62

What does withdrawal symptoms mean?

Answer 62

Side effects when you stop taking a drug

Question 63

What health problems does nicotine cause?

Answer 63

It’s addictive Increase heart rate

Question 64

What health problems for tar cause?

Answer 64

Damages cilia which leads to coughing Irritates airways and lining of lungs Builds up in lung tissues Carcinogenic- cause lung,throat,’ and tongue caner

Question 65

What problems does carbon monoxide cause?

Answer 65

Prevent haemoglobin from carrying oxygen Reduces amount of oxygen Problem I’m pregnant women as not enough oxygen to foetus

Question 66

Health effects of consuming alcohol?

Answer 66

Liver cancer Likely to choke on vomit Alcohol poisoning Dehydration Blurry vision Weight gain