Cell Structure And Organisation Flashcards
What is an organelle?
A SPECIALISED subunit within a cell that has a specific function
What does a cell membrane do?
Controls the passage of the substance in and out of the cell
What is The function of a ribosome?
It is where protein is made
What is the function of mitochondria?
It is where oxygen is used and released as energy during respiration
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
It is a liquid gel where in which all chemical reactions needed for life take place
What is the function of a nucleus?
It controls the activities of the cell
What is the function of the cellulose cell wall?
It protects the cell (pants)
What is the function of the permanent vacuole?
It is filled with sap to keep the cell Rigid to support the plant
What is the function of the chloroplast?
It absorbs light for photosynthesis in plant cells
Where is genetic material found in a bacteria cell?
In the cytoplasm
IMAGE =
Actual size x magnification
A and I must be measured in the same units
Why do Sperm cells have many mitochondria?
It is because they need a lot of energy to swim
What is the function of the plasmid in a bacteria cell??
They are small circular bit of DNA which carry extra genetic material
What is the function of the flagella in a bacteria cell?
They are long protein strands that help bacteria cells move
What is the prokaryotic cell?
It is the south that does not contain a nucleus or other large organelles. They have a simple Cell structure
Smaller than eukaryotes
What is a eukaryotic cell?
They are cells with more complex structures. They do contain a nucleus and other large organelles
Advantages of a light microscope?
They are much cheaper
They can observe living cells
Disadvantages of a light microscope?
They have a limited resolution
They have a porous surface view of the specimen
Advantages of an electron microscope?
We can see minute objects more clearly and so biologist have been able to see and understand subcellular structures
Disadvantages of electron microscope?
We cannot you living specimen with it
They are very expensive
What is the definition of specialised?
Doing or focusing on a specific task
Examples of specialised cells…
Root hair cell
Guard cell
Sperm cell
Eggs
Nerve cell
Red blood cell
Muscle cell
What are specialised cells like in animals?
Become specialised EARLY IN LIFE
It is PERMANENT
they can divide into two of the same cell so are DIFFICULT TO CLONE
What are specialised cells like in plants?
It is NOT PERMANENT
SPECIALISE IN THEIR FINAL POSITION in the plant
EASY TO CLONE
