Respiration Flashcards
1
Q
What type of receptors are found in parietal pleura? Innervation?
A
- pain receptors
- somatic innervation
- cervical and costal parietal pleura innervated by intercostal nerves
- diaphragmatic and mediastinal parietal pleura innervated by phrenic nerve
2
Q
what type of receptors are found in visceral pleura? Innervation?
A
- stretch receptors
- autonomic innervation
- parasympathetic to medulla (vagus nerve); bronchoconstriction
- sympathetic to thoracic; bronchodilation
3
Q
What are the implications of terminal bronchioles lacking cartilage?
A
- cartilage serves to keep the shape of bronchioles
- absence of cartilage can lead to reduced air flow if smooth muscle constricts
4
Q
What type of blood do pulmonary arteries bring into the lungs?
A
deoxygenated, CO2 rich blood
5
Q
What type of blood do pulmonary veins take away from the lungs?
A
oxygen rich blood
6
Q
Describe gas exchange in the lungs
A
- deoxygenated, CO2 rich blood is exchanged for oxygen rich blood
- CO2 is exchanged for O2 in the alveoli
- CO2 is exhaled through the trachea
7
Q
Boyle’s Law related to mechanics of breathing
A
- Pressure varies inversely with volume
- Inhalation: volume increases, pressure decreases
- Exhalation: volume decreases, pressure increases
8
Q
How does the diaphragm function in breathing?
A
- contraction increases diameter of thoracic cavity, increasing volume of the lungs
- relaxation decreases diameter of thoracic cavity, decreasing volume of the lungs
9
Q
Respiratory accessory muscles
A
- intercostals
- serratus anterior
- scalenes
- sternocleidomastoid
