Cardiovascular

Question 1

What nerves are responsible for sympathetic innervation to abdominopelvic organs? What part of the grey matter does it originate? Where does it synapse?

Answer 1

• Greater splanchnic nerve (T5-T9), lesser splanchnic nerve (T10-T11), and least splanchnic nerve (T12)
• originate in the lateral horn
• synapse with a pre-aortic ganglion

Question 2

What parts of the body do the right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct drain lymph from?

Answer 2

• right lymphatic duct drains from the right side of the head, neck, chest, and arm
• thoracic duct drains the rest of the body

Question 3

What occurs during diastole?

Answer 3

ventricular filling

Question 4

What occurs during systole?

Answer 4

ventricular contraction

Question 5

What vein comes off of the great cardiac vein and collects blood before draining it into the heart?

Answer 5

coronary sinus

Question 6

What vein extends posterior and inferior off of the coronary sinus?

Answer 6

middle cardiac vein

Question 7

What vein wraps around the left side of the heart from front to back and connects to the coronary sinus?

Answer 7

great cardiac vein

Question 8

In sympathetic cardiac innervation, describe 2 ways that signals get to the heart

Answer 8

• originate at T1-T4, synapse at sympathetic chain at same level, end in heart via thoracic sympathetic cardiac nerves
• originate at T1-T4, synapse at sympathetic chain at cervical level, end in heart via cervical sympathetic cardiac nerves

Question 9

What is the bundle of His?

Answer 9

• bundle of nerves that runs from the AV node to the interventricular septum
• conducts electrical impulses to regulate heartbeat

Question 10

Describe parasympathetic innervation of the heart

Answer 10

• signal arrises at the medulla

- travels to the heart via the vagus nerve

Question 11

Describe visceral sensory (afferent) innervation of the heart

Answer 11

• originates in the heart

- travels either to the medulla via the vagus nerve, or to the T1-T4 area via thoracic cardiac nerves

Question 12

what divides the superior and inferior mediastinum?

Answer 12

T4-sternal angle

Question 13

what three sections is the inferior mediastinum divided into?

Answer 13

• anterior
• middle
• posterior

Question 14

where does the inferior mediastinum run?

Answer 14

T4-sternal angle down to diaphragm

Question 15

what is part of the anterior inferior mediastinum?

Answer 15

thymus

Question 16

what is part of the middle inferior mediastinum?

Answer 16

heart

Question 17

what is part of the posterior inferior mediastinum?

Answer 17

arteries, veins, nerves, lymphatics

Question 18

what is an important component of the superior mediastinum?

Answer 18

• “danger space”

- could cause infection