Resp Sx in Cattle

Question 1

What are congenital causes of nasal obstruction?

Answer 1

Conchal cyst or choanal atresia

Question 2

What are acquired causes of nasal obstruction?

Answer 2

Granulomas, polyps, neoplasia

Question 3

What causes pharyngeal trauma?

Answer 3

FB, iatrogenic

Question 4

Emergency procedure for laryngeal alterations

Answer 4

Temporary tracheostomy

Question 5

Where do you perform a temporary tracheostomy?

Answer 5

Cranial 1/3 of the neck

Question 6

Sharp excision of cricoid and 3 tracheal rings

Answer 6

Laryngotracheaostomy

Question 7

How wide can a permanent tracheostomy be?

Answer 7

Up to 1/3 of tracheal diameter

Question 8

Palatoschisis

Answer 8

Cleft palate

Question 9

In which species is cleft palate inherited?

Answer 9

Charolais and Hereford

Question 10

Regurg of milk from nose, aspiration pneumonia, failure to thrive

Answer 10

Cleft palate

Question 11

How do you treat cleft palate?

Answer 11

Mandibular symphysiotomy

Question 12

Where is head trauma most common?

Answer 12

Base of horn

Question 13

How do you stabilize a sinus fracture?

Answer 13

6-8wk metal bar splint from horn to horn

Question 14

Which nerve branches into the cornual nerve?

Answer 14

Zygomaticotemporal nerve

Question 15

Which artery branches into the cornual artery?

Answer 15

Superficial temporal artery

Question 16

Which animals can you use chemical or thermal dehorning and why?

Answer 16

Young calves - no opening to sinus yet

Question 17

How much haired skin must be included when dehorning a cow?

Answer 17

1cm

Question 18

Dehorner used for calves 3mo-1yr

Answer 18

Scoop/Barnes dehorner

Question 19

Dehorner for large horns but not used often b/c cows are usually dehorned before they get big enough to need this tool

Answer 19

Keystone dehorner

Question 20

How do you close a dehorn?

Answer 20

Mattress or simple interrupted

Question 21

What are complications of dehorning?

Answer 21

Hemorrhage, infection

Question 22

Most commonly 2* to dehorning

Answer 22

Sinusitis

Question 23

Which sinus is most commonly affected by sinusitis?

Answer 23

Frontal

Question 24

How do you access the sinuses surgically?

Answer 24

Trephanation or bone flap

Question 25

How do you treat sinusitis?

Answer 25

Open drainage and LRS/0.9% NaCl lavage

Question 26

What is the most commonly isolated pathogen from a sinusitis 2* to dehorning?

Answer 26

Arcanobacterium pyogenes

Question 27

What pathogen is often assoc. w/sinusitis unrelated to dehorning?

Answer 27

Paturella multocida