Bone Spavin

Question 1

Common cause of hindlimb lameness

Answer 1

Bone spavin

Question 2

A bone spavin is DJD of which joints?

Answer 2

Distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joints (DIT, TMT)

Question 3

Which aspect of the joint is affected by a bone spavin?

Answer 3

Medial

Question 4

What predisposes to bone spavin?

Answer 4

Poor conformation (osteoarthritis)

Question 5

What is normal pelvic limb conformation

Answer 5

Hips, hock, fetlock all in line anperpindicular to ground

Question 6

Hindlimb too far cranial

Answer 6

Camped under

Question 7

How should the cannon bone be relative to the ground?

Answer 7

Perpendicular to the ground

Question 8

Hip and hock aligned but fetlock too far cranial

Answer 8

Sickle hocked

Question 9

Medial deviation of the hocks

Answer 9

Cow hocked

Question 10

What type of performance horses is bone spavin more common in?

Answer 10

Western

Question 11

How many joints does the tibiotarsus (hock) joint have?

Answer 11

4

Question 12

Little ledge for the man to sit on which splint bone in which view?

Answer 12

MT4 DLPM

Question 13

DLPM highlights which aspects of the bones?

Answer 13

Dorsomedial and palmarlateral

Question 14

Small osteophytes on rads

Answer 14

Grade 1 and grade 2 bone spavin

Question 15

Medium osteophyte on rads

Answer 15

Grade 3 bone spavin

Question 16

Large osteophyte on rads

Answer 16

Grade 4 bone spavin

Question 17

What causes bone spavin?

Answer 17

Chronic repetitive compression, torsion and shear strains

Question 18

What nerve block do you use to dx a bone spavin?

Answer 18

High 4-point

Question 19

Which joint is not strained in a spavin flexion test?

Answer 19

fetlock

Question 20

How long do you hold a spavin flexion test?

Answer 20

90sec

Question 21

What is the DI modality of choice for bone?

Answer 21

CT

Question 22

What is the surgical treatment for bone spavins?

Answer 22

Ankylosis

Question 23

Why does medical management of a bone spavin usually work?

Answer 23

Low motion, high compression joint

Question 24

What medical treatments can you do for bone spavin?

Answer 24

IA steroids/chondroprotectives/anti-inflammatories, corrective shoeing, exercise adaptation

Question 25

Decreases rotational and shearing forces on the hock joint

Answer 25

Cunean tenectomy

Question 26

Where do you transect the tendon for a cunean tenecotmy?

Answer 26

Medial aspect of limb

Question 27

What are two methods of TMT/DIT joint ankylosis?

Answer 27

Mechanical and chemical

Question 28

What mechanical methods can you use for joint ankylosis?

Answer 28

Drill, Nd:YAG/diode laser

Question 29

What chemical can you use to destroy the cartilage in a joint for an ankylosis?

Answer 29

70% ethanol

Question 30

What approach do you use for trans-articular drilling?

Answer 30

Medial approach distal to cunean tendon

Question 31

At what angle should the drill tracts diverge from each other?

Answer 31

30*

Question 32

When do most drilled ankylosis joints heal by?

Answer 32

7.5mo post-op

Question 33

Destroys cartilage by superheading and vaporizing synovial fluid

Answer 33

Laser facilitated ankylosis

Question 34

Promotes partial ankyloses but yields less pain and discomfort post-op

Answer 34

Laser facilitated ankylosis

Question 35

Why would you do contrast rads prior to IA injection of 70% ethanol for ankylosis?

Answer 35

Make sure the joints don’t communicate

Question 36

How soon after IA 70% ethanol does lameness resolve in horses w/bone spavin?

Answer 36

3mo (86% of the time)

Question 37

What volume of 70% ethanol do you use for ankylosis?

Answer 37

3mL