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LA Sx Final > Hernias > Flashcards

Hernias Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 portions of a hernia?

A

Ring, sac, contents

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2
Q

What are the 3 categories of hernias?

A

Reducible, incarcerated, strangulated

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3
Q

Opening through a normal aperature, containing a complete perioneal sac

A

True hernia

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4
Q

Are indirect hernias true or false hernias?

A

True

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5
Q

Does not contain a complete peritoneal sac, usually created by trauma or after breakdown of surgical entry

A

False hernia

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6
Q

Are direct hernias true or false hernias?

A

False

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7
Q

Intestinal contents within the inguinal canal

A

Inguinal hernia

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8
Q

Intestinal contents within the scrotum

A

Scrotal hernia

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9
Q

What intenstinal segments are most commonly herniated?

A

Distal jejunum and ileum

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10
Q

Which inguinal ring is the determining factor for inguinal hernias?

A

Internal

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11
Q

Which breed has an increased risk for eventration after open castration and how can you reduce this risk?

A

Standardbreds, ligate cord

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12
Q

Most common inguinal hernia in horses

A

Indirect/true inguinal hernia

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13
Q

What causes an inguinal hernia to rupture?

A

Indirect hernia + increased pressure

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14
Q

What is the difference between a ruptured inguinal hernia and an inguinal rupture?

A

Ruptured hernia has intestine sitting in the SQ space

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15
Q

All stallions with this clinical sign should be checked for inguinal hernias

A

Colic

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16
Q

How will a testicle feel on palpation if an inguinal hernia is present and why?

A

Cool d/t vacular compromise

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17
Q

When will a congenital inguinal hernia usually spontaneously resolve by?

A

3-6mo

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18
Q

ADR for the first 2d after birth and intermittent colic can be signs of what?

A

Ruptured inguinal hernia

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19
Q

When do most ruptured inguinal hernias occur in foals?

A

4-48h after birth

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20
Q

Describe a typical adult inguinal hernia

A

Acquired, non-reducible, painful

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21
Q

Describe a typical foal inguinal hernia

A

Congenital, reducible, non-painful

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22
Q

When do you intervene for a congenital inguinal hernia?

A

Doesn’t resolve, elnargement, rent in vaginal sac

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23
Q

What type of inguinal hernia is a surgical emergency?

A

Acquired, non-reducible, or inguinal rupture

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24
Q

What is the survival rate of an inguinal hernia?

A

76%

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25
Are inguinal hernias heritable in horses?
No proof
26
What sx approach do you use for a congenital inguinal hernia?
Inguinal approach
27
Forces intestines back into abdomen w/minimal manipulation of the tissues
Twisting testicle and tunic
28
How do you castrate a congenital inguinal hernia?
Closed castration w/transfixation ligature
29
This age of horse requires GA for laparoscopic management of an inguinal hernia
Foals
30
What sx approach do you use for an acquired inguinal herniorrhaphy?
Inguinal region and ventral abdomen
31
Where do you make your incision for treatment of an acquired inguinal heriorrhaphy?
Over superficial inguinal ring
32
How much time must a horse take off after an acquired inguinal heriorrhaphy?
4 months
33
How do you prevent reherniation?
Ligate spermatic cord during castration
34
Are indirect inguinal hernias more common on the R or L side of a bull?
Left
35
Are beef or dairy cows more commonly presented w/indirect inguinal hernias?
Beef (esp herefords)
36
Are indirect inguinal hernias in cows usually strangulated like they are in a horse?
No
37
This type of inguinal hernia does not have a side predilection in cows and causes them to lose their "hourglass" appearance
Direct inguinal hernia
38
Which type of hernia in a cow usually involves bowel incarceration?
Direct inguinal hernia
39
If you're going to repair a congenital inguinal hernia in a cow what else do you have to do?
Bilateral castration
40
Are inguinal hernias heritable in cows?
yes
41
What is the most common type of hernia in a horse?
Umbilical
42
Are most umbilical hernias congenital or acquired?
Congenital
43
Umbilical hernia where ileum adheres to the umbilical site
Parietal (Richter) hernia
44
What causes an enterocutaneous fistula via pressure necrosis?
Parietal (Richter) hernia
45
If an umbilical hernia has a firm thickened hernia ring, what is the px for repair?
Good
46
What viscera is most commonly herniated in a foal umbilical hernia?
Ileum or small intestine
47
When can you use conservative treatment of an umbilical hernia?
<5cm diameter and reducible
48
When do you surgically treat an umbilical hernia?
Not spontaneously resolving by 4mo, >10cm diameter
49
Can you use a hernia clamp in foals?
NO
50
Where do you make your elliptical incision around the hernia?
1cm peripheral to herial ring
51
Hernial sac inverted and hernia repaired
Closed herniorraphy
52
Incise hernial sac, replace contents, close body wall
Open herniorrahpy
53
Which herniorraphy technique is preferred for umbilical hernias?
Open
54
What is a post-herniorraphy abd support bandage used for?
Reduce edema, decrease dead space
55
What is the most commonly herniated organ in umbilical hernias in calves?
Abomasum
56
What is the most common birth defect in cattle?
Uncomplicated umbilical hernia
57
Are dairy or beef cattle more commonly affected by umbilical hernias?
Dairy (Holstein)
58
When can you use conservative treatment of an umbilical hernia in a cow?
<5cm
59
When should you surgically fix an umbilical hernia in a cow and what technique do you use?
>5cm, open heriorrhaphy
60
Is a post-op umbilical infection more common in calves or foals?
Calves
61
Are post-herniorrhaphy complications more common in cows or horses?
Cows (b/c cows more commonly have concurrent infections)

LA Sx Final (20 decks)

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