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LA Sx Final > C-Section > Flashcards

C-Section Flashcards

1
Q

This drug induces uterine contractions in cattle

A

Xylazine

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2
Q

What infiltration anesthesia can you use for C-sections?

A

Line block, inverted L block

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3
Q

What does a paravertebral nerve block block?

A

T13, L1, L2

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4
Q

What is the toxic dose of lidocaine?

A

5-10mg/kg

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5
Q

Which ruminant is most sensitive to lidcaine?

A

Goats - dilute to 1%

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6
Q

What is a disadvantage of a proximal paravertebral nerve block?

A

Scoliosis, ataxia if lidocaine migrates to L3

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7
Q

What is a disadvantage of a distal paravertebral nerve block?

A

Variable position of nerve = potential failure of block

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8
Q

Why do you exteriorize the uterus when performing a C-section?

A

Minimizes contamination of peritoneal cavity

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9
Q

What might prevent uterus exteriorization?

A

Large/emphysematous fetus, large cow

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10
Q

What is the standard c-section approach in cattle?

A

Standing L flank celiotomy

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11
Q

When is a R flank celiotomy helpful for a c-section?

A

If calf is in R horn w/limbs toward R side

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12
Q

When is a standing celiotomy contraindicated?

A

Unsteady/weak cow, large fetus

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13
Q

What is a potential complication of a standing celiotomy?

A

Permanent anesthesia of ventral body wall

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14
Q

This c-section approach is used for fractious cattle or recumbent cattle

A

Ventral midline celiotomy

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15
Q

What is a risk of a ventral midline celiotomy d/t the tilted position of the cow?

A

CV compromise

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16
Q

How long is a ventral midline celiotomy incision?

A

40cm starting cranial to udder

17
Q

Used for beef breeds 1st calf heifers

A

Ventral midline celiotomy

18
Q

What is the holding layer of the body wall after a ventral midline celiotomy?

A

Linea alba

19
Q

When is a ventral midline celiotomy contraindicated?

A

Dairy cows

20
Q

What position should the cow be in for a ventrolateral celiotomy?

A

R lateral recumbency w/abduction of upper limb

21
Q

Which approach has more tension on muscles upon c-section closure?

A

Ventrolateral celiotomy

22
Q

Why is there a higher risk of hemorrhage with a ventrolateral approach?

A

Long incision in highly vascular, dependent area

23
Q

What is the best c-section approach for an emphysematous fetus?

A

Ventrolateral celiotomy

24
Q

How do you close the uterus in a cow?

A

I layer continuous inverting or double layer SC + inverting

25
Q

What is the main indication for a 2-layer uterus closure in a cow?

A

Dead calf

26
Q

What suture pattern is assoc. w/better post-op fertility in cattle?

A

Utrecht

27
Q

What is the calf survival rate of a c-section? Cow survival rate?

A

Calf: 60%
Cow: 80%

28
Q

What are complications of c-section?

A

Peritonitis, metritis, adhesions

29
Q

What is an indication for c-secion in small ruminants unrelated to size or position of fetus?

A

Pregnancy ketosis

30
Q

Why should you not remove the placenta from a horse during c-section?

A

Still attached to mom –> hemorrhage

31
Q

Are horses or cows more prone to uterine bleeding?

A

Horses

32
Q

What suture pattern can you use in horses to decrease risk of post-op bleeding?

A

Whip-stitch

33
Q

How do you close the uterus in a mare?

A

Simple continuous + inverting pattern

34
Q

What drug do you give a mare following uterine closure?

A

Oxytocin IV

35
Q

What additional step must you take when doing a c-section in a mare?

A

Abd exploration

36
Q

What is the survival rate of a c-sectioned foal? Mare?

A

Mare: 80%
Foal: 35%

37
Q

How is fertility of a mare affected by a c-section?

A

Decreased

38
Q

How is fertility of a cow affected by a c-section?

A

None

LA Sx Final (20 decks)

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