Esophagus and Rumen Sx Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Where do problems/obstructions in the esophagus usually occur?

A

Entrance to esophagus, thoracic inlet, and where esophagus passes through diaphragm

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2
Q

What is the most resistant layer of the esophagus?

A

Mucosa

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3
Q

When the lumen of the esophagus is constricted, how are its muscles working?

A

Longitudinal mm is relaxed

Circular mm is contracted

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4
Q

When the lumen of the esophagus is dilated, how are its muscles working?

A

Longitudinal mm is contracted

Circular mm is relaxed

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5
Q

What buffer does saliva contain?

A

Bicarb and phosphate

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6
Q

How much saliva do adult cows secrete per day?

A

100-200L

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7
Q

What causes choke?

A

FB/food obstruction in esophagus

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8
Q

Bloat, type I vagal indigestion, salivation, protruding tongue are signs of what?

A

Choke

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9
Q

Failure of eructation: gaseous distention of the rumen

A

Type I vagal indigestion

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10
Q

Failure of omasal transport: gaseous distention of reticulo-rumen

A

Type 2 vagal indigestion

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11
Q

Failure of abomsal outflow

A

Type 3 vagal indigestion

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12
Q

What are ddx of choke?

A

Pharyngeal trauma, rabies

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13
Q

What metabolic complications result from choke?

A

Acidosis

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14
Q

What surgical treatment do you do for choke?

A

Esophagotomy

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15
Q

What does initial treatment of choke consist of?

A

Decompress rumen

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16
Q

What tool do you use to decompress the rumen of a cow?

A

Red devil trocar

17
Q

How should a cervical esophagotomy be closed?

A

Primary intention if possible

18
Q

What layers do you close an esophagotomy in?

A

Muscular layer

Mucosa/submucosa layer

19
Q

If the esophagus has been compromised, what salvage procedure can you do?

A

Esophagostomy

20
Q

How long does it take for a stoma to form?

21
Q

How does an esophagostomy stoma heal?

A

2nd intention

22
Q

Used for immediate relief of chronic bloat and direct feeding into the rumen

A

Temporary rumen fistula

23
Q

What are the two celiotomy techniques?

A

Grid and modified grid

24
Q

How do you do a modified grid celiotomy?

A

Incise EAO muscle and split IAO/TA muscles

25
What approach do you use for a rumenotomy?
L flank
26
Used for exteriorizaiton of the rumen
Rumen board
27
What is the px of a rumenotomy for a FB that does not penetrate the thoracic cavity or involve R side of reticulum?
Good
28
What is the px of a rumenotomy for a FB that involves the R side of the reticulum?
Guarded
29
What is the px for a rumenotomy for a FB that has penetrated the diaphragm?
Poor
30
Tachycardia w/muffled heart sounds
Traumatic reticuopericarditis
31
Washing machine murmur
Traumatic reticulopericarditis
32
Causes GI issues and R-sided heart failure
Traumatic reticulopericarditis
33
How do you treat a traumatic reticulopericarditis?
Pericardectomy, FB removal, rib resection
34
What do TRP cows usually die from?
Constrictive pericarditis