Esophagus and Rumen Sx Disorders Flashcards
Where do problems/obstructions in the esophagus usually occur?
Entrance to esophagus, thoracic inlet, and where esophagus passes through diaphragm
What is the most resistant layer of the esophagus?
Mucosa
When the lumen of the esophagus is constricted, how are its muscles working?
Longitudinal mm is relaxed
Circular mm is contracted
When the lumen of the esophagus is dilated, how are its muscles working?
Longitudinal mm is contracted
Circular mm is relaxed
What buffer does saliva contain?
Bicarb and phosphate
How much saliva do adult cows secrete per day?
100-200L
What causes choke?
FB/food obstruction in esophagus
Bloat, type I vagal indigestion, salivation, protruding tongue are signs of what?
Choke
Failure of eructation: gaseous distention of the rumen
Type I vagal indigestion
Failure of omasal transport: gaseous distention of reticulo-rumen
Type 2 vagal indigestion
Failure of abomsal outflow
Type 3 vagal indigestion
What are ddx of choke?
Pharyngeal trauma, rabies
What metabolic complications result from choke?
Acidosis
What surgical treatment do you do for choke?
Esophagotomy
What does initial treatment of choke consist of?
Decompress rumen
What tool do you use to decompress the rumen of a cow?
Red devil trocar
How should a cervical esophagotomy be closed?
Primary intention if possible
What layers do you close an esophagotomy in?
Muscular layer
Mucosa/submucosa layer
If the esophagus has been compromised, what salvage procedure can you do?
Esophagostomy
How long does it take for a stoma to form?
7-10d
How does an esophagostomy stoma heal?
2nd intention
Used for immediate relief of chronic bloat and direct feeding into the rumen
Temporary rumen fistula
What are the two celiotomy techniques?
Grid and modified grid
How do you do a modified grid celiotomy?
Incise EAO muscle and split IAO/TA muscles
What approach do you use for a rumenotomy?
L flank
Used for exteriorizaiton of the rumen
Rumen board
What is the px of a rumenotomy for a FB that does not penetrate the thoracic cavity or involve R side of reticulum?
Good
What is the px of a rumenotomy for a FB that involves the R side of the reticulum?
Guarded
What is the px for a rumenotomy for a FB that has penetrated the diaphragm?
Poor
Tachycardia w/muffled heart sounds
Traumatic reticuopericarditis
Washing machine murmur
Traumatic reticulopericarditis
Causes GI issues and R-sided heart failure
Traumatic reticulopericarditis
How do you treat a traumatic reticulopericarditis?
Pericardectomy, FB removal, rib resection
What do TRP cows usually die from?
Constrictive pericarditis
