Resp Flashcards
what are histo fts of asthma
lots of eosinophils, mast cells
goblet cell hyperplasia
what are macroscopic changes in the airways with astma
mucous plug
thick bronchial smooth muscle
ehat is chronic bronchitis
chronic cough productive of sputum
for at least 3m over 2 years q
what is histopath of chronic bronchitis
dilated airways
mucous gland hyperplasia
goblet cell hyperplasia
mild inflammaation
what are complications of chronic bronchitis
recurrent infections
chronic resp failue
chronic hypoxia > pulmonary HTN, right heart failure
what is emphysema
damage to alveolar epithelium due to inflammation, from either smoking / alpha 1 antitrypsin,
what is the difference on histology between smoking and a1a emphysema
smoking: CENTRILOBULAR DAMAGE
a1a: damage THROUGHOUT LUNG (PANACINAR)
what is bronchiectasis
permanent abnormal dilation of the bronchi with inflammation and fibrosis extending into adjacent parenchyma
what are causes of bronchiectasis
infection (CF, cyliary duskinesia, immunodef)
what are the 4 steps in histopathology of a pneumonia
COngestion> red hepatisation> grey hepatisation > resolution
explain different types of lung tumours that can occur
non small cell carcinoma (80%) - either SCC, adenocarc, large cell carc
OR
small cel carcinoma (20%)
where do adenocarcinomas arise from
from the periphery of the lung
what is the precursor lesion of an adenocarcinoma
atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
what is the key association of small cell carcinoma
SMOKING
where do small cell caecinoma arise from
Central, near bromchi
