Endocrine disease Flashcards
what kind of cells is the anterior pituitary made up of
epithelial cells
what kind of cells is the posterior pituitary made up of
nerve cels
what is the size of a microadenoma
<1cm
what are causes of hypopituitarism
iatrogenic (ablation of pituitary by surgery/irradiation)
Sheehan’s (ischaemic necrosis)
non-secreting pituitari adenoma
what are clinical features of hypopituitarism
lack of all pituitary hormones .l
what hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary
ADH
oxytocin
what are local mass effects of pituitary tumours
bitemporal hemianopia
raised ICP
obstructive hydrocephalus if severe
what are posterior pituitary syndromes involving ADH
Diabetes insipiidus
SIADH
what is a non toxic goitre
enlargement of thyroid
without extra production of thyroid hormones
what is the triad of symptoms for graves disease
thyrotoxicosis
exophthalmos
pretibial myxoedema
what cells are visible on histology of Hashimotos
Hurthle cells
what should you do with an adenoma of the thyroid
examine the capsule for invasion
to exclude follicular carcinoma
what are the four types of thyroid carcinomas
papillary
follicular
medullar
anapaestic
what was the most common type of thyroid carcinoma
papillary
what HISTOLOGICAL features is papillary carcinoma based on
Nuclear features (optically clear nuclei, intranuclear inclusions) Psammoma bodies (little foci of calcification)
