Resources Flashcards
resources
- what is available to be used; anything with real or perceived value used to attain or satisfy something
- Resources are only resources if they’re there at the appropriate time -> otherwise they might become more of a constraint
resourcefulness
ability to recognize and use resources effectively
recognition and allocation of resources
- Should be allocated to meet appropriate, important goals
- Often diverted to immediate needs, demands
- Each person has a different type and amount of resources
- Different life demands over the life course may cause pressure points on resources
how do we allocate resources?
- Equity: fairness
- Equality: Can’t always be equal -> ex. 15-year-old boy needs more food than 2 year-old girl; child with special needs needs more resources than a “typically” developing child
- Need: some need more than others
how has allocating resources for kids changed over time?
We’ve seen a shift from not really using resources for kids -> using resources on male kids only -> using resources on all kids
the sharing economy
- All industries are seeing rises in the shared/collaborative economy -> money is not the only resource that has to be exchanged
- Transportation (ex. Car2Go, Evo)
- Retail (ex. Etsy, Craigslist)
- Accommodation (ex. Airbnb)
- Services (ex. Handy, Taskrabbit)
- Finance (ex. Indiegogo, Kickstarter)
categories of resources (according to Goldsmith)
- Material
- Family
- Work
- Social
- Education
- Technological
- Health
classification of resources
- Material and Human
- Economic and non-economic
- Tangible and intangible (Intangible resources: honesty, integrity, etc)
material resources (aka: economic resources)
- Income
- Wealth
- Employee benefits
- Credit
- Property
- Household equipment, computers, cars
- Natural resources
human resources
- The skills, talents, and abilities that people possess
Include time, energy, knowledge, education, health, friendship - Individual vs. Interpersonal vs. Family group (interpersonal: Love, trust, respect, information, cooperation, friendship, communication; family group: cohesion, adaptability)
attributes of human resources
- Cognitive: knowledge aspects of resource use
- Affective: feelings about or expressions of resource use
- Psychomotor: physical reactions to mental stimuli and demands
human capital
- Total of a person’s human resources
- Athletic skills + Cognitive ability + Interpersonal skills + Emotional maturity
material assets
- sum total of material resources
- Income + Employee benefits + Possessions + Home
resource stock
Material assets + human capital = resource stock
developing human capital
- Role of family, society -> both have influence on people
- Private sphere’s (family’s) role in developing human capital (particularistic)
- Public sphere’s (societal) role in developing human capital (universalistic)
Public sphere’s (societal) role in developing human capital (universalistic)
- Education
- Health and welfare
- Businesses
- Vocational training
- daycare
Private sphere’s (family’s) role in developing human capital (particularistic)
- Child-rearing
- Provision of food, etc.
- Satisfying personal relations
- Values and language acquisition
- Learn routines of life (ex. Hygiene routines, how to interact with different people, etc.)
- Learn problem-solving
- Customs/traditions
foa and foa’s resource model
- High particularism -> low particularism (you want this from particular people)
- High: status, love, service
- Low: info, money, goods
- Low concreteness -> high concreteness
- High: service, goods, money
- Low: info, status, love
- The resources can interact (ex. Info and money, money and goods; goods and service; service and love, love and status, status and info)
resource exchange and friends
- Prefer to repay others with similar resources, not dissimilar ones
- Ex. Giving a thoughtful gift to a friend who did the same to you, rather than giving them cash
- Exchanges are perceived as inequitable but don’t yield dissatisfaction among friends -> Resources will even out over time
strategies for seeking particularistic resources
- Occasional events: Youth festivals, blind dates, personal ads, speed dating
- Institutional approaches: Chat rooms, health clubs, businesses facilitating meeting eligible people, sensitivity and support groups
how do possessions relate to life transitions
- May replace prior possessions with ones relating to the life transition -> Ex. Replace high school diploma with university degree
- Retain those that show key achievements -> Ex. Put away high school diploma but frame and display university degree
- Keepsake of past life events = memories
family heirlooms
- Cherished possessions and the stories connected with them
- Older consumers hope the stories of their lives will be remembered and possessions maintained but fear this won’t happen
- Personal/family/cultural/religious identity is part of what it is a cherished possession
- Women are more likely to pass on family possessions and hope their loved ones will care for those possessions, regardless of age
the elderly and possessions in assisted living
- Cherished objects make their room more homey
- Representations of who they were (ex. Photos, paintings they did, etc.)
- Mundane objects for their everyday life
immigrants’ possessions as a resource
- Immigrants’ belongings maintain connection to home country and culture
- To fix one to a place, time, and culture
- To protect or buffer themselves from change
- To help create a sense of home in the new country
refugees and possessions
- Refugees separated from possessions
- Documents are important possessions
- Items symbolizing their experience become important
- Artifacts of the refugee experience – leave to family or museum
materialism - why can’t we part with our stuff?
- Attachment styles:
- Affiliation seeking -> reflects our interactions with others
- Autonomy seeking -> reflects ourselves
- Possession meanings:
- Source of identity
- Memory concerns
- Desire to maintain control over objects
- Heightened sense of responsibility for objects
some strategies to get rid of possessions
- use Friends, acquaintances, and strangers to help
- Shrines -> pick a few important objects and display them
- Avoiding tactile sympathy -> don’t touch objects
- Treasure hunting -> looking through possessions to find most important ones
- Bins and organized storage spaces
- Disposal rules
- Visualization strategies
- Client control over decisions
external exchange vs. internal exchange
- external: outside of family (ex. real estate, retail)
- internal: within family
scarcity
- a shortage or an insufficient amount of supply
- forces people to make a choice and decisions about allocation of resources
opportunity
A hoped-for favorable income, a chance for progress, winning, fulfillment, advancement, or action leading to a desired goal
opportunity cost
the highest-valued alternative that must be sacrificed to satisfy a want or attain something (e.g. quitting a job to stay home with children)
private vs. public resources
- private: Owned and/or controlled by individual, a family, or a group
- public: Owned and used by all the people in a locality, or country; a national park and a county owned swimming pool
resource-advantage theory (entrepreneurship and leveraging)
- Applies entrepreneurship and leveraging to resource management
- Entrepreneur: A person who organizes, operates, and successfully manages a new enterprise
- Leveraging: Doing more with less (being more effective in the use of resources)
utility
The value, worth, applicability, productiveness, or simply, usefulness of a resource (learned and subjective)
consume
means to destroy, use, or expend
strategy
a plan of action, a ways of conducting and following through on operations
conservation of resources theory
- How people used their resources to resist stress and increase their well-being.
- people strive to retain prized resources (like power or money)
- different resources have different value to different people (“prized” means something different to everyone)
