resins

Question 1

The term is applied to more or less solid, amorphous products of complex chemical nature.

Answer 1

RESIN

Question 2

They are usually formed in schizogenous ducts or cavities and are end product of metabolism.

Answer 2

RESIN

Question 3

Physical property of resin

Answer 3

hard, transparent or translucent and upon heating it soften and finally melt

Question 4

When Heated: Chemically, are complex mixtures of:

Answer 4

RESIN ACIDS
RESIN ALCOHOLS (Resinol)
RESIN PHENOLS (Resinotannols)
ESTERS
RESENES

Question 5

It is a chemically inert compound

Answer 5

RESENES

Question 6

Resins are insoluble in __

Answer 6

WATER

Question 7

Resins are usually insoluble in ___

Answer 7

PETROLEUM SPIRITS

Question 8

Resins are soluble in ___

Answer 8

ALCOHOL
CHLOROFORM
ETHERS

Question 9

Some investigators believe, it is an oxidation products of ___.

Answer 9

TERPENES

Question 10

Several Resins: used in Pharmacy and in Art:

Answer 10

GUAIAC
ROSIN
MASTIC

Question 11

When separated and purified, they are
usually ____ that fuse readily when heated, after passing through a preliminary stage of softening.

Answer 11

BRITTLE, AMORPHOUS SOLID

Question 12

On evaporation, these solutions deposit the resin as a ___

Answer 12

VARNISH-LIKE FILM

Question 13

❑ Burn with characteristic, smoky flame.

Answer 13

RESINS

Question 14

Resins Combinations

Answer 14

VOLATILE OILS
GUMS
OIL AND GUMS
BALSAMS
GLYCOSIDAL COMBINATION

Question 15

Volatile Oils examples

Answer 15

OLEORESINS
• Copaiba, Mastic, Capsicum, Ginger,
Turpentine

Question 16

Gums examples

Answer 16

Gum-Resins
• Gamboge

Question 17

Oil and Gums examples

Answer 17

Oleo-gum resins
• Myrrh, Asafoetida, Olibanum

Question 18

They are water-soluble carbohydrate derivatives; they can be separated from oleoresins rather easily.

Answer 18

GUMS

Question 19

Are resinous mixtures that contain cinnamic acid, benzoic acid or both, or esters of these acids: (Typical Balsams)

Answer 19

BALSAMS

Question 20

Examples of Balsam

Answer 20

• Balsam of Peru, Balsam of Tolu, Storax

Question 21

This term has been erroneously applied to some oleoresins (balsam of copaiba). This error has been occasionally led to some confusion.

Answer 21

BALSAM

Question 22

Examples of Glycosidal Combination

Answer 22

Glucoresins/Glycoresins
• Ipomea, Jalap, Phodophyllum

Question 23

❑ Differ from a resin or resin combination.
❑ Obtained from the plant in a similar manner and they be studied together with them.

Answer 23

LATEX

Question 24

❑ A natural product of variable composition and of milky consistency making up the cytoplasm of special plant tissues consisting of laticiferous cells or vessels.

Answer 24

LATEX

Question 25

❑ The milky appearance is due to the _____ in a liquid dispersion medium with a very different refractive index.

Answer 25

COLLOIDAL SUSPENSION OF SMALL PARTICLES IN A LIQUID

Question 26

These contain a large proportion of oxyacids, usually combining the properties of carboxylic acid and phenols.

Answer 26

RESIN ACIDS

Question 27

Are soluble aqueous solutions of the alkalies usually soap like solutions or colloidal suspensions.

Answer 27

RESIN ACIDS

Question 28

Metallic salts of Resin Acids are known as:

Answer 28

RESINATES

Question 29

Examples of Resin Acids

Answer 29

▪ Abietic acid – Rosin or Colophony ▪ Aleuritic acid – Shellac ▪ Commiphoric acid – Myrrh ▪ Copaibic and Oxycopaibic acid – Copaiba ▪ Guaiaconic acid –Guaiac ▪ Primaric acid – Burgundy pitch and Frankincene ▪ Sandaracolic acid – Sandarac

Question 30

❑ Are complex alcohols of high molecular weight

Answer 30

RESIN ALCOHOLS

Question 31

It does not give such a reaction.

Answer 31

RESINOLS

Question 32

It gives a tannin reaction with iron salts

Answer 32

RESINOTANNOLS

Question 33

Examples of simple aromatic acids:

Answer 33

▪ Benzoic acid ▪ Salicylic acid ▪ Cinnamic acid ▪ Umbellic acid

Question 34

Examples of Resin Alcohols

Answer 34

▪ Benzoresinol – Benzoin ▪ Storesinol – Storax ▪ Guaiacresinol – Guaiac

Question 35

Examples of Resinotannols

Answer 35

▪ Aloeresinotannol –Aloe ▪ Peruresinotannol – Balsam of Peru ▪ Toluresinotannol – Balsam of Tolu ▪Ammoresinotannol and Galbaresinotannol – Ammoniac ▪ Siaresinotannol and Sumaresinotannol – Benzene

Question 36

❑ Are complex neutral substances devoid of characteristic chemical properties.

Answer 36

RESENES

Question 37

❑ They do not form salts or esters. ❑ Are insoluble in and resist by alkalies.

Answer 37

RESENES

Question 38

Examples of Resenes

Answer 38

▪ Alban and Fluavil –Gutta percha ▪ Copalresene – Copal ▪ Dammaresene – Dammar ▪ Dracoresene – Dragon’s blood ▪ Olibanoresene – Olibanum

Question 39

❑ Are complex mixtures yielding sugars and complex resin acids on hydrolysis.

Answer 39

GLUCORESINS/GLYCORESINS

Question 40

Examples of Glucoresins

Answer 40

▪ Resins of Jalap ▪ Resins of Scammony

Question 41

Resins are obtained by:

Answer 41

❖ Extracting the drug with alcohol and precipitating the resin with water. ❖Separating the oil from oleoresin by distillation ❖Heating the Plant part ❖Collecting Fossil resins ❖ Collecting the natural product that has exuded as oleoresins from the plant through natural or artificial punctures and from which the natural oils has partially evaporated into the atmosphere.

Question 42

Extracting the drug with alcohol and precipitating the resin with water. Give examples.

Answer 42

▪ Jalap ▪ Ipomea ▪ Scammony ▪ Podophyllum

Question 43

❖Separating the oil from oleoresin by distillation. Give examples

Answer 43

▪ Rosin –Turpentine ▪ Copaivic resin – Copaiba

Question 44

❖Heating the Plant part. Give examples

Answer 44

▪ Guaiac resin –Guaiac wood

Question 45

❖Collecting Fossil resins. Give examples.

Answer 45

▪ Copal ▪ Dammar ▪ Kauri

Question 46

❖Collecting the natural product that has exuded as oleoresins from the plant through natural or artificial punctures and from which the natural oils has partially evaporated into the atmosphere. Examples

Answer 46

▪ Burgundy pitch ▪ Mastic ▪ Sandarac ▪ Dragon’s blood

Question 47

Sources

Answer 47

• RESINS • CANNABIS • CHICO • CHINESE UMBRELLA TREE MELIA/ PARAISO • COMMON MILK HEDGE • DERRIS • GINGER • MANGO • MANGOSTEEN • MIMUSOPS • STICK TREE