research methods continued Flashcards
type 1 error
false postive
singinance level is too stringent
p is below 0.10
e.g man getting told hes pregent
optimistic error
type two error
false negative
pessimistic error
e.g tellign pregenent women shes not ppregenant
p is below 0.01
what is the difefrnece between reliability and validity
reliabilty measures consistency
validity measures accuracy
external reliability
between tests
do we get same result if do it several times
internal validity
do we get same results if split test in half
ways to imporve relaibility
in lab experiment so easily repeated
standardised procedure(know exactly what you are doing, easy to follow)
test-retest
procdue is repeated later on
correlate both
if correlation is above 0.8 this measn its reilable
split half
do two tests sepreately
reaults compared
correlated
correlation above 0.8 means its reliable
inter rater
two researchers do same test
see if tehy get same scores
results ompared
correlation above 0.8 means results are reliable
methods to assess validity
content validity-get an expert to review what you are doing, is it alrigth or not
face validity-looking over the method/ questions
does it look right
content analysis
method by which you take quaaltitive data and analyse it to draw conclusions
steps of content anlysis
- read extract
- reread picking all key themes mentioned in the text
- create table of operationalized coding units
- re read extract and tally amount of times theme appears
concordance analysis
amount of times a certain phrase comes up
frequency analysis
amount of times certain words/ themes come up
abstract
summary of the study
written at the end
summarises aims, hypothesis ,procedures results
AIM
introduction
identifty general speciic areas of pshycology involved in this research porject
state the aim:experimenta/alternative, hypothesis, null hypotheiss, null, two tail or one tail
method
design-research emthod, research design IV,DV
identify three or four extranous varibles and how they were controlled
participants-state how sample was slected, target population
apparantus-list of apprantus used
procedure-exact steps the ppt went through
DPAP
results
what was found
draw up clear table
include means, ranges etc
secon section-darw up chart or diagram
thrid section-state statistical test
fourth section-state what you did to alternative/null hypothesis
