Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psychology > Research Methods > Flashcards

Research Methods Flashcards

1
Q

State 4 characteristics of a Lab Environment

A
  • Standardised Procedures
  • Experimenter manipulates IV
  • Control over Extraneous Variables
  • Tightly Controlled Environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

State 3 Characteristics of a Field Experiment

A
  • More Natural Environment
  • Experimenter manipulates IV
  • Experimenter has some control over Extraneous Variables
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

State 3 Characteristics of a Natural/Quasi Experiment

A
  • Completely Natural Environment
  • Experimenter has no control of IV
  • Experimenter has no control over Extraneous Variables
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are two strengths of a Lab Experiment

A
  • Cause and Effect can be Established
  • Reliability can be checked
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are 2 weaknesses of using a Lab Experiment

A
  • Low ecological Validity
  • Demand Characteristics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What 2 Strengths of using a Field Experiment

A
  • Less Bias from Demand Characteristics
  • Ecological Validity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are 2 Benefits of a Natural/Quasi Experiment

A
  • Ecological Validity
  • No Demand Characteristics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are 2 Weaknesses of using a Natural/Quasi Experiment

A
  • Difficult to establish Cause and Effect
  • Most Difficult to check reliability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define Independent Measures Design

A

Using different participants for each condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define Repeated Measures Design

A

Where the same participants do both conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define Matched Pairs Design

A

Participants are matched based on key variables. One is placed into the experimental condition and the other in the controlled condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are 2 Strengths of using Independent Measures

A
  • No Order Effects
  • Less time consuming
  • Control over EV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are 2 Weaknesses of Independent Measures Design

A
  • A large sample signs is needed to fill both conditions
  • Can be Expensive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are 2 Strengths of Repeated Measures Design

A
  • Results will not be affected by participants variables
  • No extra participants are needed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are 2 Weaknesses of using Repeated Measures Design

A
  • Demand Characteristics
  • Order Effect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define Order Effect

A

The position of task influencing outcome

17
Q

What are 2 Benefits of using Matched Pairs Design

A
  • No Order Effects
  • Reduces Participant Variables
18
Q

Define Counterbalancing

A
  • Ppts sample is split in half
  • One sample does conditions in one order the other sample does it in reverse order
  • This is done to reduce order effects
19
Q

Define a Structured Observation

A

The way data is gathered using a pre planned collection grid to record behaviour

20
Q

Define Unstructured Observation

A

Data collected has no predetermined plan

21
Q

What are the benefits of using a Controlled Observation

A
  • High levels of control over extraneous variables
  • Easy to replicate
22
Q

What are drawbacks of using a Controlled Observation

A
  • Demand Characteristics
23
Q

What are 2 Benefits of a Naturalistic Observation

A
  • High levels of Ecological Validity
  • Reduced Demand Characteristics
24
Q

What are 2 Weaknesses of using a Naturalistic Observation

A
  • No control over Extraneuos Variables
  • Ppts don’t know that they are being observed lading to ethical problems
25
Define Event Based Sampling
This is where the observer record the number of times a certain behaviour is displayed
26
What is a weakness of Event Sampling
- Observer could get tired because they have to sit through the whole period - Could cause them to be lazy and miss some behaviours
27
Define Time Based Sampling
Behaviour is recorded at a prescribed intervals
28
Define a Type 1 Error
When the experimental hypothesis is accepted when the null hypothesis should have accepted
29
What can cause a Type 1 Error
When the level of significance is too high
30
Define Type 2 Error
Accepting the null hypothesis when the experimental hypothesis should have been accepted
31
What can cause a Type 2 Error
The level of significance is too low
32
Define Normal Distribution
Where the Mean, Median and Mode are similar or the same
33
Define Nomial data
Data that is categories
34
Define Ordinal Data
Data that uses rank order
35
Define Interval Data
Data has has Fixed Intervals between each unit
36
What are the 3 Types of Reliability
- External Reliability - Inter Reliability - Observer Reliability
37
Define External Reliability
Producing the same result each time the test is carried out
38
Define Observer Reliability
When 2 or more observers produce the same record of results
39
What are the 5 types of Validity
- Internal Validity - Temporal Validity - Ecological Validity - Population Validity - Concurrent Validity

Psychology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions