Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Attachment > Flashcards

Attachment Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What is an attachment

A

An emotional tie between two people by mutual affection and desire for proximity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Reciprocity

A

Where interactions between caregiver and infant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Interactional Synchrony

A

When interactions between caregiver and infants are synchronised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are two results of the Schaffer and Emerson study

A
  • 87% of infants showed multiple attachments at 9 months
  • 31% of infants had 5 or more attachments at 18 months
  • 39% of infants had formed a prime attachment to someone other than their main caregiver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 4 stages of Schaffer’s Stages of attachment

A
  1. Pre-Attachment
  2. Indiscriminate Attachment stage
  3. Specific Attachment stage
  4. Multiple attachment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What did Schaffer and Emerson results say about attachments to fathers

A

75% of infants had gained an attachment to there father by 18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What did the result of the Grieger study suggest about the role of a father

A

It suggested that fathers had a more playful role whereas the mother had a more emotional role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What did the results of Frodi et al study suggest about the role of a father

A

So that there was no difference in responses to a distressed baby suggesting that a father can also be emotionally supportive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a critical period

A

A specific peiod time period within which an attachment must be formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a critical period

A

A specific period time period within which an attachment must be formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a sensitive period

A

A set time period when an attachment must be formed, if not done an attachment may never be formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was the procedure in the Lorenz study (Geese study)

A

-12 eggs used in the study
-Lorenz split them into two groups of 6
-Placed in incubator with one seeing biological mother first and the other seeing Lorenz first
-Once imprinted marked them all and placed in a box to see whether they would follow him or their biological mother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What were the results of the Lorenz study

A

The 6 goslings that imprinted on him refused to follow their biological mother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was the procedure in the Harlow study (Rhesus Monkey)

A
  • 16 Rhesus monkeys were used
  • A cage containing a wire mother producing milk and a toweling mother producing no milk
  • They wanted to measure the amount of time the monkey spent with
    each mother
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What were the results of the Harlow Study

A

-Monkeys spent more time with the toweled mother to seek comfort rather than the wired mother
-Monkey with the wired mother showed more signs of distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a problem with using animal studies to explain attachment in humans

A

-Can cause ethical issues
-Lacks ecological validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Bowlys 5 monotopic theory

A

-Monotropic
-Innate and Adaptive
-Social Releasers
-Critical period
-Internal working model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What was the critical period in attachment according Bowlby

A

2.5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is meant by Attachment is Monotropic

A

The preference for one person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is meant by Attachment being Innate & Adaptive

A

We have a natural drive to form an attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are example of Social Realisers

A
  • Crying
  • Smiling
  • Cute Faces
22
Q

What is meant by “Monotropic attachment forms our Internal Working Model“

A

Our first attachment is the template on how we make future attachments

23
Q

What are the 5 attachment behaviours observed in ‘Strange Situation’

A
  • Proximity Seeking
  • Reunion Behaviour
  • Exploration
  • Separation Anxiety
  • Stranger Anxiety
24
Q

What are the 3 Types of Attachment

A
  • Insecure Avoidant
  • Securely Attached
  • Insecure Resistant
25
Q

What are the Characteristics of Insecure Avoidant Attachment

A
  • Infants ignored their mothers and her presence
  • Displayed little stress when she returned
  • Avoided Strangers
26
Q

How many infants display Insecure Avoidance

A

15%

27
Q

What are the Characteristics of a Secure Attachment

A
  • Infants seek the proximity of Caregivers
  • Infants distressed when Caregivers leave, however calm down when they return
  • Infants are avoidant of strangers
28
Q

How many infants display Secure Attachments

A

70%

29
Q

What are the Characteristics of Insecure Resistance

A
  • High Separation Anxiety
  • High Stranger Anxiety
  • Limited Exploration
  • Always seeking for proximity
30
Q

How many Infants displayed Insecure Resistance

A

15%

31
Q

What was the procedure in Schaffer and Emerson study

A
  • 60 Infants were used
  • Studied in a naturalistic observation
  • Observed once every 4 week up to 1 yr
  • Observed once more time at 18 months
32
Q

How many Countries were studied in Van Ijzendoorns Study

A

8 Countries

33
Q

How many studies were in Van Ijzendoorns study

A

32 Studies

34
Q

Which Countries showed the Highest % and Lowest % of insecure Avoidant

A

Highest - Germany 35%
Lowest - Japan 5%

35
Q

Which Countries showed the Highest % and Lowest % of Insecure Resistant

A

Highest - Isreal 29%
Lowest - UK 3%

36
Q

Which Countries showed the Highest % and Lowest % of Secure Attachment

A

Highest - UK 75%
Lowest - China 50%

37
Q

What does a Secure Attachment suggest about Adult Relationship

A
  • Able to make meaningful relationships
  • High Self Esteem
  • Empathetic
38
Q

What does a Insecure Avoidant Attachment suggest about Adult Relationship

A
  • Problems with Intamacy
  • Invest little into Romantic Relationships
  • Unwilling to share feelings
39
Q

What does a Insecure Resistant Attachment suggest about Adult Relationship

A
  • Avoids closeness but wants it
  • Worries partner doesn’t love them
  • Distraught when the Relationship ends
40
Q

Define Maternal Deprivation

A

The separation from the mother which causes severe damage to a child’s social, emotional and cognitive development

41
Q

What are the 5 Problems that Maternal Deprivation can lead to

A
  • Affectionless Psychopathology
  • Developmental Retardation
  • Delinquency
  • Increased Aggression
  • Depression
42
Q

Define Affectionless Psychopathology

A

The inability to show affection or concern for others

43
Q

Outline the Love Quiz

A
  • 620 replies on the quiz
  • 56% of ppts would had a secure attachment when infants had a happy relationship
  • 19% fo insecure ppts feared about not being loved
44
Q

Outline Romanian Orphan Study

A
  • Studied 165 Romanian children who were adopted before the age of 4 by UK families
  • They were studied at 4, and 11
45
Q

What were the IQ results of the Romanian Orphan Study

A
  • Adopted before 6 months Mean IQ 102
  • Adopted between 6 months and 2yrs Mean IQ 86
  • Adopted after 2 yrs Mean IQ 77
46
Q

What are the 3 effects of Institutionalisation

A
  • Disinhibited Attachment
  • Developmental Retardation
  • Deprivation Dwarfism
47
Q

What is meant by Disinhibited Attachment

A

Infants who are institutionalised for a long time display attention seeking behaviour and so no stranger anxiety

48
Q

Define Developmental Retardation

A

Infants raised in institutions show developmental delay in education causing them to have a lower IQ

49
Q

Define Deprivation Dwarfism

A

Infants grow physically smaller and are malnourished

50
Q

What are the 3 Situational Variables affecting Obedience

A
  • Uniform
  • Location
  • Proximity
51
Q

What were the results of the situational variables

A
  • Uniform 20%
  • Location 48%
  • Proximity 40%

Psychology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions