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Biopsychology Flashcards

1
Q

What does CNS stand for

A

Central Nervous System

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2
Q

What are the two types of Nervous Systems

A

Somatic + Autonomic

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3
Q

What is the Function of the Somatic Nervous System

A

Transmit info from senses to CNS controlling voluntary movement

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4
Q

What is the Function of the Autonomic Nervous System

A

Transmit info to and from internal organs to sustain life controlling involuntary movements

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5
Q

What are the three types of Neurons

A

Sensory, Relay and Motor

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6
Q

What is the role of a Motor Neuron

A

Controls movement

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7
Q

What is the role of a Sensory Neuron

A

Allows to be able to feel things and send it to the CNS

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8
Q

What is the role of a Relay Neuron

A

Allows Sensory and motor neurons to communicate

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9
Q

What is a Neurotransmitter

A

Chemicals that are released from synaptic vesicles into the synapse by neurons

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10
Q

What is a dendrite

A

A neuron’s branch that receives information from other neurons and transmit it towards the cell body

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11
Q

What is serotonin

A

It affects neurons Involed in sleep, mood, temperature regulation and pain suppression

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12
Q

What is a biological rhythm

A

It is a distinct pattern behaviour in response to cyclical changes within the environment

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13
Q

What are endogenous pacemakers

A

They are internal biological mechanisms that make up the body clock

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14
Q

Cues from the outside are called

A

Exogenous zeitgebers

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15
Q

What did siffere do

A

He studied his body clock for 6 months by having removing natural light or cues

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16
Q

What did Sifferes biological clock change to

A

25 - 30 hours

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17
Q

How long did Siffre think he was in the cave for

A

1 month

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18
Q

How long was Siffre actually in the cave for

19
Q

How many times does the Infradian system occur

A

Occurs less than once every day

20
Q

How often does the Ultradian Rhythms

A

More then one cycles every 24 hours

21
Q

Examples of ultradian system

A

Urination
Appetite

22
Q

How many cycles do we go through as we sleep

23
Q

What are the three types of plasticity

A
  • Synaptogenesis
  • Neurogenesis
  • Synaptic pruning
24
Q

What is synaptogenesis

A

Where new synapses are formed this happens throughout life but there is a explosion in synaptic formation during infancy

25
What is neurogenesis
Where new neurons are grown. In infancy this is responsible for populating the brain with neurons
26
What is synaptic pruning
The process of synaptic elimination which happens between early childhood and at the start of puberty
27
What is neural regeneration
Where new nerves sprout and grow and connect with undamaged areas
28
What is neural unmasking
Where dormant synapses are opened and become functional
29
Wha tis neural reorganisation
Where the brain moves functions from the damaged side of the brain to an undamaged part of the brain
30
What are the 4 ways to study the brain
- Post Mortimer - FMRI - EEG - Event related potentials (ERP)
31
Define a Post Mortem
Examination of the brain after someone has died
32
What are a weaknesses of using a Post Mortem
- Brain starts to decay after oxygen is cut from it reducing accuracy
33
What is an Advantage of using a Post Mortem
Allow researchers to go into deep regions of the brain
34
Define fMRI
It uses strong magnetic waves that measures blood flow in the brain when someone performs a task
35
What an Advantage of using a fMRI
Non invasive
36
Define EEG
It uses small sensors on the scalp that pick up electrical signals which are measured by size and frequency
37
What is an Advantage of using EEGs
- Cheaper than other methods of studying the brain
38
What is a weakness of using EEGs
High levels of expertises are needed to interpret data
39
Define ERPs
Uses small sensors on the scalp to measure electrical activity in response to a specific stimulus
40
What is a benefit of using ERPs
It can directly measure neuronal activity
41
What is a disadvantage of using ERPs
High level of expertise are needed
42
What are the 4 different Lobes
- Frontal - Parietal - Temporal - Occipital
43
Define Brocas Area
It’s found in the left frontal lobe and is involved in language production
44
Define Wernickes Area
It’s found in the Left Temporal Lobe and is involved in the understanding of speech

Psychology (10 decks)

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