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Psychology > Biopsychology > Flashcards

Biopsychology Flashcards

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1
Q

What does CNS stand for

A

Central Nervous System

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2
Q

What are the two types of Nervous Systems

A

Somatic + Autonomic

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3
Q

What is the Function of the Somatic Nervous System

A

Transmit info from senses to CNS controlling voluntary movement

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4
Q

What is the Function of the Autonomic Nervous System

A

Transmit info to and from internal organs to sustain life controlling involuntary movements

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5
Q

What are the three types of Neurons

A

Sensory, Relay and Motor

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6
Q

What is the role of a Motor Neuron

A

Controls movement

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7
Q

What is the role of a Sensory Neuron

A

Allows to be able to feel things and send it to the CNS

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8
Q

What is the role of a Relay Neuron

A

Allows Sensory and motor neurons to communicate

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9
Q

What is a Neurotransmitter

A

Chemicals that are released from synaptic vesicles into the synapse by neurons

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10
Q

What is a dendrite

A

A neuron’s branch that receives information from other neurons and transmit it towards the cell body

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11
Q

What is serotonin

A

It affects neurons Involed in sleep, mood, temperature regulation and pain suppression

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12
Q

What is a biological rhythm

A

It is a distinct pattern behaviour in response to cyclical changes within the environment

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13
Q

What are endogenous pacemakers

A

They are internal biological mechanisms that make up the body clock

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14
Q

Cues from the outside are called

A

Exogenous zeitgebers

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15
Q

What did siffere do

A

He studied his body clock for 6 months by having removing natural light or cues

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16
Q

What did Sifferes biological clock change to

A

25 - 30 hours

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17
Q

How long did Siffre think he was in the cave for

A

1 month

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18
Q

How long was Siffre actually in the cave for

A

6 months

19
Q

How many times does the Infradian system occur

A

Occurs less than once every day

20
Q

How often does the Ultradian Rhythms

A

More then one cycles every 24 hours

21
Q

Examples of ultradian system

A

Urination
Appetite

22
Q

How many cycles do we go through as we sleep

A

5

23
Q

What are the three types of plasticity

A
  • Synaptogenesis
  • Neurogenesis
  • Synaptic pruning
24
Q

What is synaptogenesis

A

Where new synapses are formed this happens throughout life but there is a explosion in synaptic formation during infancy

25
Q

What is neurogenesis

A

Where new neurons are grown. In infancy this is responsible for populating the brain with neurons

26
Q

What is synaptic pruning

A

The process of synaptic elimination which happens between early childhood and at the start of puberty

27
Q

What is neural regeneration

A

Where new nerves sprout and grow and connect with undamaged areas

28
Q

What is neural unmasking

A

Where dormant synapses are opened and become functional

29
Q

Wha tis neural reorganisation

A

Where the brain moves functions from the damaged side of the brain to an undamaged part of the brain

30
Q

What are the 4 ways to study the brain

A
  • Post Mortimer
  • FMRI
  • EEG
  • Event related potentials (ERP)
31
Q

Define a Post Mortem

A

Examination of the brain after someone has died

32
Q

What are a weaknesses of using a Post Mortem

A
  • Brain starts to decay after oxygen is cut from it reducing accuracy
33
Q

What is an Advantage of using a Post Mortem

A

Allow researchers to go into deep regions of the brain

34
Q

Define fMRI

A

It uses strong magnetic waves that measures blood flow in the brain when someone performs a task

35
Q

What an Advantage of using a fMRI

A

Non invasive

36
Q

Define EEG

A

It uses small sensors on the scalp that pick up electrical signals which are measured by size and frequency

37
Q

What is an Advantage of using EEGs

A
  • Cheaper than other methods of studying the brain
38
Q

What is a weakness of using EEGs

A

High levels of expertises are needed to interpret data

39
Q

Define ERPs

A

Uses small sensors on the scalp to measure electrical activity in response to a specific stimulus

40
Q

What is a benefit of using ERPs

A

It can directly measure neuronal activity

41
Q

What is a disadvantage of using ERPs

A

High level of expertise are needed

42
Q

What are the 4 different Lobes

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Temporal
  • Occipital
43
Q

Define Brocas Area

A

It’s found in the left frontal lobe and is involved in language production

44
Q

Define Wernickes Area

A

It’s found in the Left Temporal Lobe and is involved in the understanding of speech

Psychology (10 decks)

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