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Psychology > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three stores in the Multi Store Model

A

-Sensory
-Short term memory
-Long term memory

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2
Q

What is the duration of Short Term Memory

A

18-30 Second

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3
Q

What is the duration of the sensory store

A

0.5 seconds

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4
Q

What is the capacity of the Sensory Store

A

Unlimited

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5
Q

How does the Sensory Store encode

A

-Touch
-Smell
-Taste

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6
Q

What is the capacity of Short Term Memory

A

+/- 7

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7
Q

How does Short Term Memory encode

A

Acoustically

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8
Q

What is the duration of Long term memory

A

Unlimited

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9
Q

How does Long Term Memory encode

A

Semantically

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10
Q

What is the capacity of Long Term Memory

A

Unlimited

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11
Q

What are the four stores in the Working Memory Model

A
  • Central Executive
  • Phonological Loop
  • Episodic Buffer
  • Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad
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12
Q

What is the purpose of the Central Executive

A

Controls what the WWM should draw attention to

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the Phonological Loop

A

Temporarily holds language based information

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the Visuo Spatial

A

Holds visual and spatial information

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15
Q

What case study can be used to explain the Working Memory Model

A

KF

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16
Q

What are two similarities of the MSM and WWM

A

-Both suggest that short term memory has a limited capacity
-Both suggest that rehearsal is important to process information

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17
Q

What is a difference between MSM and WWM

A

-MSM suggests that STM is more simple the WWM suggests that it is more complex

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18
Q

What are the different types of Long Term Memory

A

-Procedural
-Semantic
-Episodic

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19
Q

What is procedural memory

A

Memory that is responsible for knowing how to do things (Riding a bike)

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20
Q

What is Semantic Memory

A

Memory that holds factual information (Capital of England)

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21
Q

What is Episodic Memory

A

Memory that hold information about events (Wedding Day)

22
Q

What is Proactive interference

A

Old memories interfere with new ones

23
Q

What is Retroactive interference

A

New memories interfere with old ones

24
Q

What is meant by Absence of Context Cues

A

The environment of recall is different to the environment of coding

25
Q

What is Absence of State Cues

A

The internal environment is different at recall than it was encoded in

26
Q

What are the 3 Factors that can affect EWT

A
  • Misleading Questions
  • Anxiety
  • Post Event Discussions
27
Q

What is a Leading Question

A

A question that tries to suggest a desired answer

28
Q

What was the procedure in the Loftus and Palmer EWT study

A
  • 45 Participants
  • 5 conditions
  • Ppts watched a traffic accident, and then asked a leading question
  • “About how fast were the cars going when they (smashed/ collided/ bumped/ hit/ contracted) each other
29
Q

How fast were the cars going when they…

A

-Hit
-Bumped
-Collided
-Smashed
-Contacted

30
Q

How fast were the cars going when they contacted each other

A

31.8 mph

31
Q

How fast were the cars going when they smashed each other

A

40.8 Mph

32
Q

What were the results in the Cutshall study

A

Even though the robbery took place 4 months earlier ppts were not affected by leading questions

33
Q

What is the Yerkes-Dodson Law

A

That are anxiety levels affect our performance

34
Q

What was the Procedure of the Loftus and Burns study

A
  • Two Conditions
  • One saw a crime with no violence
  • The other saw a crime with a boy being shot
35
Q

What were the results of the Loftus and Burns study

A
  • Recall was greater in those who did see the violent incident compare those who did
  • This suggests Anxiety has affect on EWT
36
Q

What 4 techniques are used in Cognitive Interview

A
  • Report very detail
  • Change Order
  • Change Perspective
  • Context Reinstallment
37
Q

What is the WMM an example of

A

STM

38
Q

What is the Inner Ear

A

Deals with the perception of sound and speech within the Phonological Loop

39
Q

Define Inner Mouth

A

Verbal rehearsal system which prevents decay of information

40
Q

Define the Visual Cache

A

It store visual data within the VSS

41
Q

Define Inner Scribe

A

Records arrangement of objects in the VSS

42
Q

What is the capacity of the Phonological Loop

A

2 seconds

43
Q

What is the capacity of the VSS

A

4 Objects

44
Q

Outline research into LTM

A
  • Asked to recall names of school classmates
  • Ppts aged 17-74
  • After 15 years recall was 90%
  • After 48 years recall was 80%
45
Q

Outline research into STM

A
  • Baddley gave a word list
  • Acoustically Similar and Acoustically Dissimilar
  • Asked to recall immediately
  • Ppts struggled with acoustically similar
46
Q

Outline Research into SS

A
  • Sterling flashed a grid of letters for 1/20 a second
  • Ppts were asked to recall back
  • Recall was over 75%
47
Q

Evaluation of MSM

A
  • Research to support existence of separate memory stores (HM)
  • Alternative Theories
48
Q

Evaluation of the Absence of Cues

A
  • Research to Support (Godden and Baddeley)
  • Can’t be used in all situations (Repression)
  • Everyday Experiences
49
Q

Leading Questions Evaluation

A
  • Low Generalibilty (Conducted on only students)
  • Practical Application
  • Low Ecological Validity
50
Q

What did Kohnken do

A

Conducted a meta analysis of Standard Techniques and CL and found higher correct recall rates in CL compared to Standard Techniques

Psychology (10 decks)

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