Rescue Technician Flashcards
General Use “G” rating for Carabiner and Pulleys
- Carabiner major axis 40 kN (8,992 lbf)
- Pulley 36 kN (8,093 lbf)
- Used everywhere in rigging
Technical Use “T” rating for Carabiner and Pulleys
- Carabiner major axis 27 kN (6,069 lbf)
- Pulley 22 kN (4,946 lbf)
- Used to support a tech only (One person load)
Safety factor for static loads
15 to 1 Safety Factor
Max dynamic and static weight for one person
- Static = 300 lbs
- Dynamic = 20 kN
Anchors must be capable of supporting how many pounds?
5000 lbs. per
employee attached
How are low and high angle rescue differentiated from each other?
In Low Angle Rescuers are predominantly supported by themselves and not the rope rescue system. In High Angle Rescuers are predominantly supported by the rope rescue system.
How heavy is a rescue load?
2 kN or 450 lbs
Accounts for rescuer, equipment, and victim
Max load a 1/2” rope can take for high angle rescue (60-90 degrees)
280 kg
Accounts for 2 rescuers, equipment, and a victim
Max load a 1/2” rope can take for steep angle rescue (40-60 degrees)
400 kg
One Rescuer + Equipment =
100kg / 1 kN
One Rescuer + Equipment + Victim =
200kg / 2 kN
Two Rescuer + Equipment + Victim =
280kg
Three Rescuer + Equipment + Victim =
360kg
Four Rescuer + Equipment + Victim =
440kg
SSSF
-Static System Safety Factor
-The ratio between the equipment breaking strength and the maximum expected static
force
DSF
-Dynamic Safety Factor (DSF)
-The strength of the system to protect against the dynamic impact force associated with a
falling load
The Two Categories of equipment
Software
■ Rope
■ Webbing
■ Prusik Loops
■ Harnesses
Hardware
■ Carabiners
■ Pulleys
■ Descent Control Devices
What are the 2 parts of kernmantle rope?
Kern - Core. 75% of strength.
Mantle - Sheath. 25% of strength.
1/2” rescue rope has a minimum breaking strength of how much?
40 kN (9,000 pounds)
What type of rope do rescue techs use?
Static kernmantle
What type of rope do rock climbers use?
Dynamic Kernmantle
What is accessory rope?
8mm Kernmantle
Common anchor slings (anchor with webbing)
Redundant loop
-Webbing doubled up and double wrapped around anchor
Wrap 3 pull 2
-Wrap 3 times, secure with a water knot
-Put water knot at base of anchor
What is the most common webbing size?
1 inch
What are the 2 types of webbing? What are the 2 sub types?
Flat
Tubular
-Needle loom - Flat laid over and stitched into a tube
-Shuttle loom - All one tube
What are the lengths of Green, Yellow, Blue, and Orange webbing?
Green= 5 ft
Yellow = 12 ft
Blue = 15 ft
Orange = 20 ft
Uses for a Load Releasing Device?
-Passing a knot through the system
-Change over
-Has a slight shock absorption
What is the minimum breaking strength of a Load Releasing Device?
45 kN (10,000 lbf)
Class 1 Harness
Personal escape harness
Rigger’s belt
Capable of carrying one persons weight
Class 2 Harness
Capable of carrying 2 people’s weight
Only a seat harness
Class 3 Harness
Capable of carrying 2 people’s weight
Seat and chest harness
What are the 4 components of a carabiner?
- Spine
- Gate
- Hinge
- Lock
What are carabiner made of?
Steel or aluminium
What are 3 ways of misusing a carabiner?
- Side loading
- Tri-axial loading (3 directions of loading from 3 lines)
- Locking or unlocking when under load
What does the rope weave through on the Brake Bar Rack?
Friction Bars (there are 6)
What is the Brake Bar Rack minimum breaking strength?
22 kN (5,000 lbf)
What is the Figure 8 Plate minimum breaking strength?
22 kN (5,000 lbf)
What are the components of a Figure 8 Plate?
- Small ring
- Large ring
- Ears
What are the components of a Brake Bar Rack?
- U-shaped steel rod frame
- 6 Friction Bars
- Guide bar
- Tie off bar
- Welded eye
What does MPD stand for?
Multi-Purpose Device
What are the components of a Multi-Purpose Device?
➢ Anchor Attachment
➢ Becket Attachment
➢ Release Handle
➢ Parking Brake
➢ Pulley with one-way bearing
What can a MPD be used for?
- Pulley
- Descent Control Device
- Belay line
What are the 3 types of decent control devices in rope rescue?
- MPD
- Brake Bar Rack
- Figure 8 Plate
What is the downside to a figure 8 plate?
It is hard to add more resistance for heavy loads
What are the components of a pulley? (There is 4)
- Axle
- Bearing
- Sheave
- Side plates
What does a Mechanical Grab Device Do? (2 things)
- Ascender
- Haul Cam
- It takes the place of a Prusik
What are the components of a Mechanical Grab Device?
- Cam
- Shell
- Pin
What is used to organize a rigging system near the anchor?
An Anchor Plate
What is the anchor plate minimum breaking load?
36 kN (8,000 lbf)
What can be used as edge protection for a rope?
- Aluminum wheels and frames
- Canvas
- Plastic
- Firehose
What does RPM stand for?
Resistance - Decent Control Device
Pulley - Mechanical advantage
Miner - Belay system
A knot in rope reduces the the strength of the
rope by how much?
33%
A knot in tubular webbing decreases the
strength by at least how much?
45%
What are the Tail Length Minimums
➢ Figure Eight knots and bends
➢ Overhand knots and bends
➢ Half Hitches (webbing or rope)
➢ Double Overhand (prusik)
➢ Figure Eight knots and bends– 6 inches
➢ Overhand knots and bends – 2 inches
➢ Half Hitches (webbing or rope) – 2 inches
➢ Double Overhand (prusik) –1 to 2 inches
What is the acronym for how to pick a good anchor?
Eastern’r
E - Equally loaded
A - Angles are interior
S - Strong enough
T - Timely set up
R - Rigid, no slack in system
N - No shock loading on back up anchor
R - Redundant anchors for back up
What is the picket system angle?
15 degrees away from the load
How long are pickets? How deep must they be driven into the ground?
4’ long and must be driven 2-3’ into the ground
What is the load capacity for 1-1-1 picket system in hard ground?
5,000 pounds
What is the load capacity for a single picket?
700 pounds
How many feet of lifeline is needed for a windlass? How much webbing?
- 20’of lifeline
- 40’ of webbing
What is the advantage of a triangular picket system?
Direction of the load
There is no increase in the load capacity
When is a tagged anchor system used?
-When the anchors are far apart because the self adjusting sling must be close together
What is the max angle of a multi-point self adjusting sling anchor?
90 degrees (with the load line being where the angles meet)
What is an AZTEK Elite Kit?
It is a kit that you wear as a travel restriction when working near a cliff
What test examines every component of a system to locate any “_________.” If one point fails, is there a redundant backup to prevent catastrophic failure?
“Critical Point”
Critical Point Test
What is the Whistle Test?
If a whistle were sounded, and every rescuer let go of the ropes, would the system properly engage and prevent a fall?
